Updates to coreutils

packages/bare-os-booter/lib/bare-os-ctx-api.js

@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
  * Semantic version of the booter `ctx` contract for custom kernels.
  * Bump when adding/removing/renaming documented `ctx` fields or changing behavior.
  */
-export const BARE_OS_CTX_API_VERSION = '1.7.0'
+export const BARE_OS_CTX_API_VERSION = '1.7.1'

packages/bare-os-booter/lib/bare-os-ctx.d.ts

@@ -78,6 +78,11 @@ export interface BareOsKernelContext {
   execLine(line: string, opts?: BareOsAbortOpts): Promise<string>
   readLine(prompt?: string, opts?: BareOsAbortOpts): Promise<string | null>
   runBinCommand(argv: string[], opts?: BareOsAbortOpts): Promise<unknown>
+  /**
+   * Set by the shell when this **`/bin`** command’s stdout is **captured** (pipeline to the next stage, or **`>`** / **`>>`** on the last stage).
+   * Utilities may emit **one record per line** instead of multi-column text (e.g. **`ls`**).
+   */
+  bareOsStdoutCaptured?: boolean
   /** Optional raw output hook for NUL/binary (e.g. **`printenv -0`**, **`find -print0`**) when **`process.stdout.write`** is unavailable. */
   bareOsBinWrite?(chunk: Uint8Array | string): void
   bareOsIpc?: BareOsIpc

packages/bare-os-booter/lib/shell.js

@@ -717,6 +717,21 @@ function segmentHasCommand(seg) {
   return cmd.argv.length > 0 || Object.keys(cmd.assign).length > 0
 }
 
+/**
+ * Shallow clone for pipeline **`/bin`** execution: session **`env`**, optional **`shellStdin`**, and
+ * **`bareOsStdoutCaptured`** when stdout is captured (pipe to next stage or **`>`** redirect) so
+ * utilities (e.g. **`ls`**) can use one-record-per-line output.
+ * @param {Record<string, unknown>} ctx
+ * @param {Record<string, string>} env
+ * @param {string | null} stdinText
+ * @param {boolean} bareOsStdoutCaptured
+ */
+function bareOsPipelineChildCtx(ctx, env, stdinText, bareOsStdoutCaptured) {
+  const o = Object.assign({}, ctx, { env, bareOsStdoutCaptured })
+  if (stdinText != null) o.shellStdin = stdinText
+  return o
+}
+
 /**
  * @param {Record<string, unknown>} ctx
  * @param {SimpleCmd[]} pipeline
@@ -956,10 +971,12 @@ async function execParsedPipeline(ctx, pipeline) {
               }
             }
           } else {
-            const childCtx =
-              stdinText != null
-                ? Object.assign({}, ctx, { shellStdin: stdinText, env })
-                : Object.assign({}, ctx, { env })
+            const childCtx = bareOsPipelineChildCtx(
+              ctx,
+              env,
+              stdinText,
+              capOut
+            )
             await runBinCommand(childCtx, cargs)
             mergeChildExitCode(ctx, childCtx)
           }
@@ -1073,10 +1090,12 @@ async function execParsedPipeline(ctx, pipeline) {
             ctx.requestBooterExit(ec)
           }
         } else {
-          const childCtx =
-            stdinText != null
-              ? Object.assign({}, ctx, { shellStdin: stdinText, env })
-              : Object.assign({}, ctx, { env })
+          const childCtx = bareOsPipelineChildCtx(
+            ctx,
+            env,
+            stdinText,
+            capOut
+          )
           try {
             await runBinCommand(childCtx, argv)
             mergeChildExitCode(ctx, childCtx)

packages/bare-os-booter/test.js

@@ -1657,6 +1657,94 @@ async function run(ctx) {
   rmSync(dir, { recursive: true, force: true })
 })
 
+test('ls bareOsStdoutCaptured lists one name per line', async (t) => {
+  const lsPath = path.join(__dirname, '../../kernel/bin/ls')
+  const lsSrc = await readFile(lsPath, 'utf8')
+  const dir = testCorestoreDir('lscap')
+  const store = new Corestore(dir)
+  const drive = new Hyperdrive(store)
+  const personal = new Hyperdrive(store.namespace('plcap'))
+  await drive.ready()
+  await personal.ready()
+  await drive.put('/bin/ls', b4a.from(lsSrc))
+  const lines = []
+  const ctx = testCtx(drive, personal)
+  ctx.console = {
+    log: (s) => lines.push(String(s)),
+    error: (...a) => lines.push(a.join(' '))
+  }
+  await ctx.vfs.writeFile('aaa', b4a.from(''))
+  await ctx.vfs.writeFile('lib', b4a.from(''))
+  await ctx.vfs.writeFile('zzz', b4a.from(''))
+  await runBinCommand(
+    Object.assign({}, ctx, { bareOsStdoutCaptured: true }),
+    ['ls']
+  )
+  t.is(lines.length, 3)
+  t.ok(lines.includes('aaa') && lines.includes('lib') && lines.includes('zzz'))
+  await store.close()
+  rmSync(dir, { recursive: true, force: true })
+})
+
+test('execShellLine ls pipe grep prints only matching entry line', async (t) => {
+  const lsPath = path.join(__dirname, '../../kernel/bin/ls')
+  const grepPath = path.join(__dirname, '../../kernel/bin/grep')
+  const lsSrc = await readFile(lsPath, 'utf8')
+  const grepSrc = await readFile(grepPath, 'utf8')
+  const dir = testCorestoreDir('lspipegrep')
+  const store = new Corestore(dir)
+  const drive = new Hyperdrive(store)
+  const personal = new Hyperdrive(store.namespace('plpg'))
+  await drive.ready()
+  await personal.ready()
+  await drive.put('/bin/ls', b4a.from(lsSrc))
+  await drive.put('/bin/grep', b4a.from(grepSrc))
+  const lines = []
+  const ctx = testCtx(drive, personal)
+  ctx.console = {
+    log: (s) => lines.push(String(s)),
+    error: (...a) => lines.push(a.join(' '))
+  }
+  await ctx.vfs.writeFile('aaa', b4a.from(''))
+  await ctx.vfs.writeFile('lib', b4a.from(''))
+  await ctx.vfs.writeFile('zzz', b4a.from(''))
+  await execShellLine(ctx, 'ls | grep -F lib')
+  t.is(ctx.exitCode, 0)
+  t.alike(lines, ['lib'])
+  await store.close()
+  rmSync(dir, { recursive: true, force: true })
+})
+
+test('execShellLine ls pipe wc -l counts lines', async (t) => {
+  const lsPath = path.join(__dirname, '../../kernel/bin/ls')
+  const wcPath = path.join(__dirname, '../../kernel/bin/wc')
+  const lsSrc = await readFile(lsPath, 'utf8')
+  const wcSrc = await readFile(wcPath, 'utf8')
+  const dir = testCorestoreDir('lspipewc')
+  const store = new Corestore(dir)
+  const drive = new Hyperdrive(store)
+  const personal = new Hyperdrive(store.namespace('plwc'))
+  await drive.ready()
+  await personal.ready()
+  await drive.put('/bin/ls', b4a.from(lsSrc))
+  await drive.put('/bin/wc', b4a.from(wcSrc))
+  const lines = []
+  const ctx = testCtx(drive, personal)
+  ctx.console = {
+    log: (s) => lines.push(String(s)),
+    error: (...a) => lines.push(a.join(' '))
+  }
+  await ctx.vfs.writeFile('a', b4a.from(''))
+  await ctx.vfs.writeFile('b', b4a.from(''))
+  await ctx.vfs.writeFile('c', b4a.from(''))
+  await execShellLine(ctx, 'ls | wc -l')
+  t.is(ctx.exitCode, 0)
+  const out = lines.join('\n').trim()
+  t.is(out, '3', 'three directory entries => three lines')
+  await store.close()
+  rmSync(dir, { recursive: true, force: true })
+})
+
 test('execShellLine runs cd and external', async (t) => {
   const dir = testCorestoreDir('sh')
   const store = new Corestore(dir)
@@ -2287,6 +2375,48 @@ test('tier-1 sort and wc flags', async (t) => {
   await runBinCommand(ctx, ['wc', '-c', 'nums.txt'])
   t.is(lines[0], ' 7 nums.txt')
 
+  const errs = []
+  ctx.console = {
+    log(s) {
+      lines.push(String(s))
+    },
+    error(...a) {
+      errs.push(a.join(' '))
+    }
+  }
+  await ctx.vfs.writeFile('ord.txt', b4a.from('a\nb\nc\n'))
+  lines.length = 0
+  ctx.exitCode = 0
+  await runBinCommand(ctx, ['sort', '-c', 'ord.txt'])
+  t.is(ctx.exitCode, 0)
+  t.is(errs.length, 0)
+
+  await ctx.vfs.writeFile('bad.txt', b4a.from('b\na\n'))
+  lines.length = 0
+  errs.length = 0
+  ctx.exitCode = 0
+  await runBinCommand(ctx, ['sort', '-c', 'bad.txt'])
+  t.is(ctx.exitCode, 1)
+  t.ok(errs.some((e) => e.includes('disorder')))
+
+  errs.length = 0
+  ctx.exitCode = 0
+  await runBinCommand(ctx, ['sort', '-C', 'bad.txt'])
+  t.is(ctx.exitCode, 1)
+  t.is(errs.length, 0)
+
+  lines.length = 0
+  ctx.exitCode = 0
+  await runBinCommand(ctx, ['sort', '-o', 'sorted.txt', '-n', 'nums.txt'])
+  t.is(ctx.exitCode, 0)
+  const sortedBuf = await ctx.vfs.readFile('sorted.txt')
+  t.is(ctx.b4a.toString(sortedBuf), '1\n2\n10\n')
+
+  lines.length = 0
+  ctx.exitCode = 0
+  await runBinCommand(ctx, ['sort', '-s', 'ord.txt'])
+  t.is(lines.join('\n'), 'a\nb\nc')
+
   await store.close()
   rmSync(dir, { recursive: true, force: true })
 })
@@ -2334,6 +2464,34 @@ test('tier-1 find du basename options', async (t) => {
   rmSync(dir, { recursive: true, force: true })
 })
 
+test('execShellLine find pipes to wc -l', async (t) => {
+  const dir = testCorestoreDir('findpipewc')
+  const store = new Corestore(dir)
+  const drive = new Hyperdrive(store)
+  const personal = new Hyperdrive(store.namespace('fpwc'))
+  await drive.ready()
+  await personal.ready()
+  await drive.put('/bin/find', b4a.from(await readBuiltBin('find')))
+  await drive.put('/bin/wc', b4a.from(await readBuiltBin('wc')))
+  const lines = []
+  const ctx = testCtx(drive, personal)
+  ctx.exitCode = 0
+  ctx.console = {
+    log(s) {
+      lines.push(String(s))
+    },
+    error() {}
+  }
+  await ctx.vfs.writeFile('p.txt', b4a.from(''))
+  await execShellLine(ctx, 'find . -maxdepth 1 | wc -l')
+  t.is(ctx.exitCode, 0)
+  const n = Number.parseInt(String(lines[0] || '').trim(), 10)
+  t.ok(Number.isFinite(n) && n >= 1)
+
+  await store.close()
+  rmSync(dir, { recursive: true, force: true })
+})
+
 test('tier-1 date format and test numeric', async (t) => {
   const dir = testCorestoreDir('date-test')
   const store = new Corestore(dir)

packages/bare-os-coreutils/README.md

@@ -39,13 +39,15 @@ Or `node packages/bare-os-coreutils/build.mjs`.
 
 **`ls`** prepends **[`bare-os-lscolors`](../bare-os-lscolors/bare-os-lscolors.js)** for **`LS_COLORS`** / dircolors parsing. **`dircolors`** and **`theme`** integrate with the booter’s **`bare-os-theme-presets.js`** (see [docs/themes/README.md](../../docs/themes/README.md)).
 
-**`grep`** uses JavaScript **`RegExp`** (and **`-F`** fixed strings); POSIX/GNU-like **subset** (including **`-x`**, **`-m`**, **`-o`** among common flags).
+**`grep`** uses JavaScript **`RegExp`** (and **`-F`** fixed strings); POSIX/GNU-like **subset** (including **`-x`**, **`-m`**, **`-o`** among common flags). It is **not** PCRE- or GNU-bit-identical; use **`-F`** when literals must not be treated as regex.
 
-**`sed`** / **`awk`** use large interpreters in **`lib/sed-engine.js`** and **`lib/awk-engine.js`** — capable, but not guaranteed to match every POSIX or GNU edge case.
+**`sed`** / **`awk`** use large interpreters in **`lib/sed-engine.js`** and **`lib/awk-engine.js`** — capable, but **not** guaranteed to match every POSIX or GNU edge case; treat parity as best-effort.
 
 **`mkfifo`** creates simulated named pipes under **`/run/bare-os/ipc/<name>`** (in-memory; see booter VFS). **`getconf`** and **`xargs`** implement a documented Bare-specific subset (see `src/getconf.js`, `src/xargs.js`).
 
-**Recent parity / UX:** **`tail -f`** (watch or poll; **`BARE_OS_TAIL_F_*`** env), **`head`/`tail -c`** and **`+` line/byte offsets**, **`sort -n/-r/-u/-f`**, **`wc -l/-w/-c`**, **`grep -A/-B/-C`** and **`--color`**, **`date +FORMAT`** (strftime-like subset), **`test`** integer compares and **`-h`/`-L`**, **`xargs -I`**, **`find -iname`/`-print0`**, **`du -h`**, **`basename -a`/`-s`**, **`dirname -z`**. Phase 2 adds **`cat -n/-A`**, **`env -i`**, **`touch -a/-m/-d/-r`**, **`mkdir -m`**, **`grep -r`**, **`sort -k/-t`**, **`cp`/`mv` `-L`/`-P`**, **`readlink -f`**, **`rmdir -p`**, **`du -a/-L`**, **`find -mtime`/`-newer`/`-prune`/`-empty`/`-delete`** (gated), **`stat --format`**, **`cut -s`**, **`tr [:class:]`**, richer **`od`/`nl`/`seq`/`pathchk`/`printf`/`time`**, and **`bareOsBinWrite`** for captured NUL output in tests.
+**Pipelines:** the shell sets **`ctx.bareOsStdoutCaptured`** when a command’s stdout is captured (pipe or **`>`** / **`>>`**). **`ls`** prints **one name per line** in short mode in that case (GNU-like), so **`ls | grep`** / **`sort`** / **`wc`** see one record per line.
+
+**Recent parity / UX:** **`tail -f`** (watch or poll; **`BARE_OS_TAIL_F_*`** env), **`head`/`tail -c`** and **`+` line/byte offsets**, **`sort -n/-r/-u/-f/-k/-t`**, **`sort -c/-C`** (check), **`-s`** (stable), **`-o`**, **`wc -l/-w/-c`**, **`grep -A/-B/-C`** and **`--color`**, **`date +FORMAT`** (strftime-like subset), **`test`** integer compares and **`-h`/`-L`**, **`xargs -I`**, **`find -iname`/`-print0`**, **`du -h`**, **`basename -a`/`-s`**, **`dirname -z`**. Phase 2 adds **`cat -n/-A`**, **`env -i`**, **`touch -a/-m/-d/-r`**, **`mkdir -m`**, **`grep -r`**, **`cp`/`mv` `-L`/`-P`**, **`readlink -f`**, **`rmdir -p`**, **`du -a/-L`**, **`find -mtime`/`-newer`/`-prune`/`-empty`/`-delete`** (gated), **`stat --format`**, **`cut -s`**, **`tr [:class:]`**, richer **`od`/`nl`/`seq`/`pathchk`/`printf`/`time`**, and **`bareOsBinWrite`** for captured NUL output in tests.
 
 See [handbook §6 — Kernel and `/bin`](../../handbook/06-kernel-and-binaries.md), [handbook §9 — POSIX alignment](../../handbook/09-posix-utilities-shell-and-vfs.md), and [handbook §10 — `man` and online help](../../handbook/10-manpages-and-online-help.md).
 

packages/bare-os-coreutils/man/pages/ls.json

@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
   "name": "ls",
   "section": 1,
   "title": "list directory contents",
-  "synopsis": ["ls [-1al] [--color[=never|auto|always]] [FILE...]"],
-  "description": "Lists directory contents. Long format shows mode, links, owner, group, size, mtime, and symlink targets. With color (default auto on a TTY), directories, symlinks, executables, and permission bits are highlighted.",
+  "synopsis": ["ls [-1al] [--color[=never|auto|always]] [--format=single-column] [FILE...]"],
+  "description": "Lists directory contents. Long format shows mode, links, owner, group, size, mtime, and symlink targets. With color (default auto on a TTY), directories, symlinks, executables, and permission bits are highlighted. When stdout is captured by the shell (pipeline or **>** redirect), short format lists **one name per line** (GNU-like), so tools such as **grep** and **sort** see one entry per line.",
   "options": [
     {
       "flag": "-a",
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
       "meaning": "Long listing"
     },
     {
-      "flag": "-1",
-      "meaning": "One name per line (short format)"
+      "flag": "-1, --format=single-column, --format=vertical",
+      "meaning": "One name per line (short format); same layout when stdout is piped or redirected"
     },
     {
       "flag": "--color[=never|auto|always]",

packages/bare-os-coreutils/man/pages/sort.json

@@ -2,15 +2,19 @@
   "name": "sort",
   "section": 1,
   "title": "sort lines",
-  "synopsis": ["sort [OPTION]... [OPERAND]..."],
-  "description": "Sorts lines from files or stdin. Supports numeric sort, reverse, unique consecutive lines, and case fold for sort keys.",
+  "synopsis": ["sort [OPTION]... [FILE]..."],
+  "description": "Sorts lines from files or stdin. Collation follows JavaScript string ordering (and numeric keys when **`-n`**). Stable ordering is only guaranteed when **`-s`** is set.",
   "options": [
+    { "flag": "-c, --check", "meaning": "Check whether input is already sorted; exit **1** if not; print a **disorder** diagnostic to stderr (GNU-style)" },
+    { "flag": "-C, --check=quiet, --check=silent", "meaning": "Like **`-c`** but no stderr message on failure" },
+    { "flag": "-o, --output FILE", "meaning": "Write result to **FILE** instead of stdout (place **`-o`** before file operands)" },
+    { "flag": "-s, --stable", "meaning": "Stable sort (preserve original order when keys compare equal)" },
     { "flag": "-n, --numeric-sort, -g", "meaning": "Sort by leading numeric prefix" },
     { "flag": "-r, --reverse", "meaning": "Reverse sort order" },
-    { "flag": "-u, --unique", "meaning": "Suppress duplicate lines after sorting" },
+    { "flag": "-u, --unique", "meaning": "Suppress duplicate lines after sorting; with **`-c`**, require strictly increasing keys (no adjacent duplicates)" },
     { "flag": "-f, --ignore-case", "meaning": "Fold case for ordering" },
     { "flag": "-t, --field-separator SEP", "meaning": "Field delimiter for **`-k`** (use **\\t** for tab)" },
-    { "flag": "-k, --key POS", "meaning": "Sort by 1-based field **POS** or **START,END** (bare subset; blank-separated fields when **`-t`** omitted)" },
+    { "flag": "-k, --key POS", "meaning": "Sort by 1-based field **POS** or **START,END** (blank-separated fields when **`-t`** omitted)" },
     { "flag": "-", "meaning": "Operand reads stdin" }
   ],
   "keywords": ["sort", "bare-os", "coreutils"],
@@ -26,6 +30,14 @@
     {
       "caption": "unique",
       "code": "sort -u tags.txt"
+    },
+    {
+      "caption": "verify sorted",
+      "code": "sort -c sorted.txt"
+    },
+    {
+      "caption": "write to file",
+      "code": "sort -o out.txt -n nums.txt"
     }
   ],
   "listCategory": "coreutils"

packages/bare-os-coreutils/src/ls.js

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ async function run(ctx, argv) {
   const vfs = ctx.vfs
   let showAll = false
   let longFmt = false
+  /** One name per line (GNU **`-1`** / **`--format=single-column`**, or piped/captured stdout). */
+  let singleColumn = false
   /** @type {'never' | 'auto' | 'always'} */
   let colorMode = 'auto'
   const paths = []
@@ -23,6 +25,10 @@ async function run(ctx, argv) {
         else colorMode = 'auto'
         continue
       }
+      if (a === '--format=single-column' || a === '--format=vertical') {
+        singleColumn = true
+        continue
+      }
       ctx.console.error('ls: unrecognized option ' + a)
       ctx.exitCode = 2
       return
@@ -32,7 +38,7 @@ async function run(ctx, argv) {
         const c = a[j]
         if (c === 'a') showAll = true
         else if (c === 'l') longFmt = true
-        else if (c === '1') longFmt = false
+        else if (c === '1') singleColumn = true
       }
       continue
     }
@@ -40,6 +46,8 @@ async function run(ctx, argv) {
   }
   const targets = paths.length ? paths : ['.']
   const useColor = bareLsUseColor(ctx, colorMode)
+  const onePerLine =
+    singleColumn || ctx.bareOsStdoutCaptured === true
 
   for (const t of targets) {
     if (targets.length > 1) ctx.console.log(t + ':')
@@ -61,7 +69,27 @@ async function run(ctx, argv) {
     }
     if (!showAll) names = names.filter((n) => !n.startsWith('.'))
     if (!longFmt) {
-      if (!useColor) {
+      if (onePerLine) {
+        for (const n of names) {
+          if (!useColor) {
+            ctx.console.log(n)
+          } else {
+            const sub =
+              singleEntryPath != null
+                ? singleEntryPath
+                : t === '.' || t === './'
+                  ? n
+                  : t.replace(/\/$/, '') + '/' + n
+            let st = null
+            try {
+              st = await vfs.lstat(sub)
+            } catch {
+              st = null
+            }
+            ctx.console.log(bareLsColorWrap(n, st, true, ctx))
+          }
+        }
+      } else if (!useColor) {
         ctx.console.log(names.join(' '))
       } else {
         const parts = []

packages/bare-os-coreutils/src/sort.js

@@ -21,12 +21,75 @@ function sortKeySlice(line, delim, start1, end1) {
   return slice.join(' ')
 }
 
+/**
+ * @param {object} o
+ * @param {string} o.line
+ * @param {boolean} o.numeric
+ * @param {boolean} o.fold
+ * @param {number | null} o.keyStart
+ * @param {number | null} o.keyEnd
+ * @param {string | null} o.dForKey
+ */
+function sortKeyObj(o) {
+  const keyText =
+    o.keyStart != null
+      ? sortKeySlice(o.line, o.dForKey, o.keyStart, o.keyEnd)
+      : o.line
+  if (o.numeric) {
+    const m = String(keyText).match(
+      /^\s*(-?(?:\d+(?:\.\d*)?|\.\d+)(?:[eE][+-]?\d+)?)/
+    )
+    if (m) return { n: Number(m[1]), raw: keyText }
+    return { n: Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY, raw: keyText }
+  }
+  if (o.fold) return { n: 0, raw: keyText.toLowerCase() }
+  return { n: 0, raw: keyText }
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param {string} x
+ * @param {string} y
+ * @param {object} opts
+ * @param {boolean} opts.numeric
+ * @param {boolean} opts.reverse
+ * @param {boolean} opts.fold
+ * @param {number | null} opts.keyStart
+ * @param {number | null} opts.keyEnd
+ * @param {string | null} opts.dForKey
+ * @returns {number}
+ */
+function sortCompareLines(x, y, opts) {
+  const base = {
+    numeric: opts.numeric,
+    fold: opts.fold,
+    keyStart: opts.keyStart,
+    keyEnd: opts.keyEnd,
+    dForKey: opts.dForKey
+  }
+  const kx = sortKeyObj({ ...base, line: x })
+  const ky = sortKeyObj({ ...base, line: y })
+  if (opts.numeric) {
+    if (kx.n !== ky.n) {
+      const ord = kx.n < ky.n ? -1 : 1
+      return opts.reverse ? -ord : ord
+    }
+  }
+  const cmp =
+    kx.raw < ky.raw ? -1 : kx.raw > ky.raw ? 1 : x < y ? -1 : x > y ? 1 : 0
+  return opts.reverse ? -cmp : cmp
+}
+
 async function run(ctx, argv) {
   const vfs = ctx.vfs
   let numeric = false
   let reverse = false
   let uniq = false
   let fold = false
+  /** @type {'off' | 'verbose' | 'quiet'} */
+  let checkMode = 'off'
+  let stable = false
+  /** @type {string | null} */
+  let outFile = null
   /** @type {string | undefined} */
   let delim
   /** @type {number | null} */
@@ -40,6 +103,52 @@ async function run(ctx, argv) {
       i++
       break
     }
+    if (a === '--check' || a === '--check=diagnose-first') {
+      checkMode = 'verbose'
+      i++
+      continue
+    }
+    if (a === '--check=silent' || a === '--check=quiet') {
+      checkMode = 'quiet'
+      i++
+      continue
+    }
+    if (a === '-C') {
+      checkMode = 'quiet'
+      i++
+      continue
+    }
+    if (a === '-c') {
+      checkMode = 'verbose'
+      i++
+      continue
+    }
+    if (a === '-s' || a === '--stable') {
+      stable = true
+      i++
+      continue
+    }
+    if (a === '-o' || a === '--output') {
+      const f = argv[++i]
+      if (f === undefined) {
+        ctx.console.error('sort: option requires an argument -- output')
+        ctx.exitCode = 1
+        return
+      }
+      outFile = f
+      i++
+      continue
+    }
+    if (a.startsWith('--output=')) {
+      outFile = a.slice('--output='.length) || null
+      if (!outFile) {
+        ctx.console.error('sort: option requires an argument -- output')
+        ctx.exitCode = 1
+        return
+      }
+      i++
+      continue
+    }
     if (a === '-n' || a === '--numeric-sort' || a === '-g') {
       numeric = true
       i++
@@ -130,6 +239,9 @@ async function run(ctx, argv) {
         else if (c === 'r') reverse = true
         else if (c === 'u') uniq = true
         else if (c === 'f') fold = true
+        else if (c === 'c') checkMode = 'verbose'
+        else if (c === 'C') checkMode = 'quiet'
+        else if (c === 's') stable = true
         else {
           ok = false
           break
@@ -172,37 +284,73 @@ async function run(ctx, argv) {
   }
 
   const dForKey = delim === undefined ? null : delim
-
-  /** @param {string} s */
-  function sortKey(s) {
-    const keyText =
-      keyStart != null
-        ? sortKeySlice(s, dForKey, keyStart, keyEnd)
-        : s
-    if (numeric) {
-      const m = String(keyText).match(
-        /^\s*(-?(?:\d+(?:\.\d*)?|\.\d+)(?:[eE][+-]?\d+)?)/
-      )
-      if (m) return { n: Number(m[1]), raw: keyText }
-      return { n: Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY, raw: keyText }
-    }
-    if (fold) return { n: 0, raw: keyText.toLowerCase() }
-    return { n: 0, raw: keyText }
+  const cmpOpts = {
+    numeric,
+    reverse,
+    fold,
+    keyStart,
+    keyEnd,
+    dForKey
   }
 
-  lines.sort((x, y) => {
-    const kx = sortKey(x)
-    const ky = sortKey(y)
-    if (numeric) {
-      if (kx.n !== ky.n) {
-        const ord = kx.n < ky.n ? -1 : 1
-        return reverse ? -ord : ord
+  if (checkMode !== 'off') {
+    const checkLabel = files.length === 1 ? files[0] : '-'
+    for (let li = 0; li < lines.length - 1; li++) {
+      const aLine = lines[li]
+      const bLine = lines[li + 1]
+      const c = sortCompareLines(aLine, bLine, cmpOpts)
+      if (uniq && c === 0) {
+        ctx.exitCode = 1
+        if (checkMode === 'verbose') {
+          ctx.console.error(
+            'sort: ' +
+              checkLabel +
+              ':' +
+              (li + 2) +
+              ': disorder: ' +
+              bLine
+          )
+        }
+        return
+      }
+      if (c > 0) {
+        ctx.exitCode = 1
+        if (checkMode === 'verbose') {
+          ctx.console.error(
+            'sort: ' +
+              checkLabel +
+              ':' +
+              (li + 2) +
+              ': disorder: ' +
+              bLine
+          )
+        }
+        return
       }
     }
-    const cmp =
-      kx.raw < ky.raw ? -1 : kx.raw > ky.raw ? 1 : x < y ? -1 : x > y ? 1 : 0
-    return reverse ? -cmp : cmp
-  })
+    ctx.exitCode = 0
+    return
+  }
+
+  /** @param {string} x
+   * @param {string} y */
+  function cmpPair(x, y) {
+    const primary = sortCompareLines(x, y, cmpOpts)
+    if (primary !== 0 || !stable) return primary
+    return 0
+  }
+
+  if (stable) {
+    const decorated = lines.map((line, idx) => ({ line, idx }))
+    decorated.sort((a, b) => {
+      const p = sortCompareLines(a.line, b.line, cmpOpts)
+      if (p !== 0) return p
+      return a.idx - b.idx
+    })
+    lines = decorated.map((d) => d.line)
+  } else {
+    lines.sort(cmpPair)
+  }
 
   if (uniq) {
     const out = []
@@ -214,5 +362,17 @@ async function run(ctx, argv) {
     lines = out
   }
 
-  if (lines.length) ctx.console.log(lines.join('\n'))
+  const body = lines.length ? lines.join('\n') + '\n' : ''
+
+  if (outFile != null) {
+    try {
+      await vfs.writeFile(outFile, ctx.b4a.from(body))
+    } catch (e) {
+      ctx.console.error('sort: ' + outFile + ': ' + (e.message || e))
+      ctx.exitCode = 1
+      return
+    }
+  } else if (lines.length) {
+    ctx.console.log(lines.join('\n'))
+  }
 }

packages/bare-os-seeder/kernel/bin/ls

@@ -503,6 +503,8 @@ async function run(ctx, argv) {
   const vfs = ctx.vfs
   let showAll = false
   let longFmt = false
+  /** One name per line (GNU **`-1`** / **`--format=single-column`**, or piped/captured stdout). */
+  let singleColumn = false
   /** @type {'never' | 'auto' | 'always'} */
   let colorMode = 'auto'
   const paths = []
@@ -524,6 +526,10 @@ async function run(ctx, argv) {
         else colorMode = 'auto'
         continue
       }
+      if (a === '--format=single-column' || a === '--format=vertical') {
+        singleColumn = true
+        continue
+      }
       ctx.console.error('ls: unrecognized option ' + a)
       ctx.exitCode = 2
       return
@@ -533,7 +539,7 @@ async function run(ctx, argv) {
         const c = a[j]
         if (c === 'a') showAll = true
         else if (c === 'l') longFmt = true
-        else if (c === '1') longFmt = false
+        else if (c === '1') singleColumn = true
       }
       continue
     }
@@ -541,6 +547,8 @@ async function run(ctx, argv) {
   }
   const targets = paths.length ? paths : ['.']
   const useColor = bareLsUseColor(ctx, colorMode)
+  const onePerLine =
+    singleColumn || ctx.bareOsStdoutCaptured === true
 
   for (const t of targets) {
     if (targets.length > 1) ctx.console.log(t + ':')
@@ -562,7 +570,27 @@ async function run(ctx, argv) {
     }
     if (!showAll) names = names.filter((n) => !n.startsWith('.'))
     if (!longFmt) {
-      if (!useColor) {
+      if (onePerLine) {
+        for (const n of names) {
+          if (!useColor) {
+            ctx.console.log(n)
+          } else {
+            const sub =
+              singleEntryPath != null
+                ? singleEntryPath
+                : t === '.' || t === './'
+                  ? n
+                  : t.replace(/\/$/, '') + '/' + n
+            let st = null
+            try {
+              st = await vfs.lstat(sub)
+            } catch {
+              st = null
+            }
+            ctx.console.log(bareLsColorWrap(n, st, true, ctx))
+          }
+        }
+      } else if (!useColor) {
         ctx.console.log(names.join(' '))
       } else {
         const parts = []

packages/bare-os-seeder/kernel/bin/sort

@@ -110,12 +110,75 @@ function sortKeySlice(line, delim, start1, end1) {
   return slice.join(' ')
 }
 
+/**
+ * @param {object} o
+ * @param {string} o.line
+ * @param {boolean} o.numeric
+ * @param {boolean} o.fold
+ * @param {number | null} o.keyStart
+ * @param {number | null} o.keyEnd
+ * @param {string | null} o.dForKey
+ */
+function sortKeyObj(o) {
+  const keyText =
+    o.keyStart != null
+      ? sortKeySlice(o.line, o.dForKey, o.keyStart, o.keyEnd)
+      : o.line
+  if (o.numeric) {
+    const m = String(keyText).match(
+      /^\s*(-?(?:\d+(?:\.\d*)?|\.\d+)(?:[eE][+-]?\d+)?)/
+    )
+    if (m) return { n: Number(m[1]), raw: keyText }
+    return { n: Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY, raw: keyText }
+  }
+  if (o.fold) return { n: 0, raw: keyText.toLowerCase() }
+  return { n: 0, raw: keyText }
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param {string} x
+ * @param {string} y
+ * @param {object} opts
+ * @param {boolean} opts.numeric
+ * @param {boolean} opts.reverse
+ * @param {boolean} opts.fold
+ * @param {number | null} opts.keyStart
+ * @param {number | null} opts.keyEnd
+ * @param {string | null} opts.dForKey
+ * @returns {number}
+ */
+function sortCompareLines(x, y, opts) {
+  const base = {
+    numeric: opts.numeric,
+    fold: opts.fold,
+    keyStart: opts.keyStart,
+    keyEnd: opts.keyEnd,
+    dForKey: opts.dForKey
+  }
+  const kx = sortKeyObj({ ...base, line: x })
+  const ky = sortKeyObj({ ...base, line: y })
+  if (opts.numeric) {
+    if (kx.n !== ky.n) {
+      const ord = kx.n < ky.n ? -1 : 1
+      return opts.reverse ? -ord : ord
+    }
+  }
+  const cmp =
+    kx.raw < ky.raw ? -1 : kx.raw > ky.raw ? 1 : x < y ? -1 : x > y ? 1 : 0
+  return opts.reverse ? -cmp : cmp
+}
+
 async function run(ctx, argv) {
   const vfs = ctx.vfs
   let numeric = false
   let reverse = false
   let uniq = false
   let fold = false
+  /** @type {'off' | 'verbose' | 'quiet'} */
+  let checkMode = 'off'
+  let stable = false
+  /** @type {string | null} */
+  let outFile = null
   /** @type {string | undefined} */
   let delim
   /** @type {number | null} */
@@ -129,6 +192,52 @@ async function run(ctx, argv) {
       i++
       break
     }
+    if (a === '--check' || a === '--check=diagnose-first') {
+      checkMode = 'verbose'
+      i++
+      continue
+    }
+    if (a === '--check=silent' || a === '--check=quiet') {
+      checkMode = 'quiet'
+      i++
+      continue
+    }
+    if (a === '-C') {
+      checkMode = 'quiet'
+      i++
+      continue
+    }
+    if (a === '-c') {
+      checkMode = 'verbose'
+      i++
+      continue
+    }
+    if (a === '-s' || a === '--stable') {
+      stable = true
+      i++
+      continue
+    }
+    if (a === '-o' || a === '--output') {
+      const f = argv[++i]
+      if (f === undefined) {
+        ctx.console.error('sort: option requires an argument -- output')
+        ctx.exitCode = 1
+        return
+      }
+      outFile = f
+      i++
+      continue
+    }
+    if (a.startsWith('--output=')) {
+      outFile = a.slice('--output='.length) || null
+      if (!outFile) {
+        ctx.console.error('sort: option requires an argument -- output')
+        ctx.exitCode = 1
+        return
+      }
+      i++
+      continue
+    }
     if (a === '-n' || a === '--numeric-sort' || a === '-g') {
       numeric = true
       i++
@@ -219,6 +328,9 @@ async function run(ctx, argv) {
         else if (c === 'r') reverse = true
         else if (c === 'u') uniq = true
         else if (c === 'f') fold = true
+        else if (c === 'c') checkMode = 'verbose'
+        else if (c === 'C') checkMode = 'quiet'
+        else if (c === 's') stable = true
         else {
           ok = false
           break
@@ -261,37 +373,73 @@ async function run(ctx, argv) {
   }
 
   const dForKey = delim === undefined ? null : delim
-
-  /** @param {string} s */
-  function sortKey(s) {
-    const keyText =
-      keyStart != null
-        ? sortKeySlice(s, dForKey, keyStart, keyEnd)
-        : s
-    if (numeric) {
-      const m = String(keyText).match(
-        /^\s*(-?(?:\d+(?:\.\d*)?|\.\d+)(?:[eE][+-]?\d+)?)/
-      )
-      if (m) return { n: Number(m[1]), raw: keyText }
-      return { n: Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY, raw: keyText }
-    }
-    if (fold) return { n: 0, raw: keyText.toLowerCase() }
-    return { n: 0, raw: keyText }
+  const cmpOpts = {
+    numeric,
+    reverse,
+    fold,
+    keyStart,
+    keyEnd,
+    dForKey
   }
 
-  lines.sort((x, y) => {
-    const kx = sortKey(x)
-    const ky = sortKey(y)
-    if (numeric) {
-      if (kx.n !== ky.n) {
-        const ord = kx.n < ky.n ? -1 : 1
-        return reverse ? -ord : ord
+  if (checkMode !== 'off') {
+    const checkLabel = files.length === 1 ? files[0] : '-'
+    for (let li = 0; li < lines.length - 1; li++) {
+      const aLine = lines[li]
+      const bLine = lines[li + 1]
+      const c = sortCompareLines(aLine, bLine, cmpOpts)
+      if (uniq && c === 0) {
+        ctx.exitCode = 1
+        if (checkMode === 'verbose') {
+          ctx.console.error(
+            'sort: ' +
+              checkLabel +
+              ':' +
+              (li + 2) +
+              ': disorder: ' +
+              bLine
+          )
+        }
+        return
+      }
+      if (c > 0) {
+        ctx.exitCode = 1
+        if (checkMode === 'verbose') {
+          ctx.console.error(
+            'sort: ' +
+              checkLabel +
+              ':' +
+              (li + 2) +
+              ': disorder: ' +
+              bLine
+          )
+        }
+        return
       }
     }
-    const cmp =
-      kx.raw < ky.raw ? -1 : kx.raw > ky.raw ? 1 : x < y ? -1 : x > y ? 1 : 0
-    return reverse ? -cmp : cmp
-  })
+    ctx.exitCode = 0
+    return
+  }
+
+  /** @param {string} x
+   * @param {string} y */
+  function cmpPair(x, y) {
+    const primary = sortCompareLines(x, y, cmpOpts)
+    if (primary !== 0 || !stable) return primary
+    return 0
+  }
+
+  if (stable) {
+    const decorated = lines.map((line, idx) => ({ line, idx }))
+    decorated.sort((a, b) => {
+      const p = sortCompareLines(a.line, b.line, cmpOpts)
+      if (p !== 0) return p
+      return a.idx - b.idx
+    })
+    lines = decorated.map((d) => d.line)
+  } else {
+    lines.sort(cmpPair)
+  }
 
   if (uniq) {
     const out = []
@@ -303,5 +451,17 @@ async function run(ctx, argv) {
     lines = out
   }
 
-  if (lines.length) ctx.console.log(lines.join('\n'))
+  const body = lines.length ? lines.join('\n') + '\n' : ''
+
+  if (outFile != null) {
+    try {
+      await vfs.writeFile(outFile, ctx.b4a.from(body))
+    } catch (e) {
+      ctx.console.error('sort: ' + outFile + ': ' + (e.message || e))
+      ctx.exitCode = 1
+      return
+    }
+  } else if (lines.length) {
+    ctx.console.log(lines.join('\n'))
+  }
 }