Add E2B.

backend/container/e2b.Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# e2b template build --name "terminal"
+
+# Use a Debian-based base image
+FROM ubuntu:22.04
+
+# Install dependencies and customize sandbox
+RUN apt update \
+    && apt install -y sudo
+
+# Install xterm
+RUN apt update \
+    && apt install -y xterm
+
+RUN apt update \
+    && apt install -y tmux screen
+
+# Clean up
+RUN apt clean \
+    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

backend/container/e2b.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# This is a config for E2B sandbox template.
+# You can use 'template_id' (ne8xtb57tq5xw9vwhdyc) or 'template_name (terminal) from this config to spawn a sandbox:
+
+# Python SDK
+# from e2b import Sandbox
+# sandbox = Sandbox(template='terminal')
+
+# JS SDK
+# import { Sandbox } from 'e2b'
+# const sandbox = await Sandbox.create({ template: 'terminal' })
+
+dockerfile = "e2b.Dockerfile"
+template_name = "terminal"
+template_id = "ne8xtb57tq5xw9vwhdyc"

backend/server/package-lock.json

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
       "version": "1.0.0",
       "license": "ISC",
       "dependencies": {
+        "@e2b/code-interpreter": "^0.0.7",
         "concurrently": "^8.2.2",
         "cors": "^2.8.5",
         "dotenv": "^16.4.5",
@@ -50,6 +51,39 @@
         "node": ">=12"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/@e2b/code-interpreter": {
+      "version": "0.0.7",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@e2b/code-interpreter/-/code-interpreter-0.0.7.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-e8nAY4zXU2b9nKthqq/pCPlTVD7f01dtzCtvabWmhlx7Wq+AUln14Q1Wf+uRVJXHkwS9BDv2CupdZpUChsjoCA==",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "e2b": "^0.16.1",
+        "isomorphic-ws": "^5.0.0",
+        "ws": "^8.15.1"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=18"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@e2b/code-interpreter/node_modules/ws": {
+      "version": "8.17.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/ws/-/ws-8.17.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-uJq6108EgZMAl20KagGkzCKfMEjxmKvZHG7Tlq0Z6nOky7YF7aq4mOx6xK8TJ/i1LeK4Qus7INktacctDgY8Ow==",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=10.0.0"
+      },
+      "peerDependencies": {
+        "bufferutil": "^4.0.1",
+        "utf-8-validate": ">=5.0.2"
+      },
+      "peerDependenciesMeta": {
+        "bufferutil": {
+          "optional": true
+        },
+        "utf-8-validate": {
+          "optional": true
+        }
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/@jridgewell/resolve-uri": {
       "version": "3.1.2",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@jridgewell/resolve-uri/-/resolve-uri-3.1.2.tgz",
@@ -369,6 +403,19 @@
         "node": ">=8"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/bufferutil": {
+      "version": "4.0.8",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/bufferutil/-/bufferutil-4.0.8.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-4T53u4PdgsXqKaIctwF8ifXlRTTmEPJ8iEPWFdGZvcf7sbwYo6FKFEX9eNNAnzFZ7EzJAQ3CJeOtCRA4rDp7Pw==",
+      "hasInstallScript": true,
+      "optional": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "node-gyp-build": "^4.3.0"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=6.14.2"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/bytes": {
       "version": "3.1.2",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/bytes/-/bytes-3.1.2.tgz",
@@ -662,6 +709,59 @@
         "url": "https://dotenvx.com"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/e2b": {
+      "version": "0.16.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/e2b/-/e2b-0.16.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-2L1R/REEB+EezD4Q4MmcXXNATjvCYov2lv/69+PY6V95+wl1PZblIMTYAe7USxX6P6sqANxNs+kXqZr6RvXkSw==",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "isomorphic-ws": "^5.0.0",
+        "normalize-path": "^3.0.0",
+        "openapi-typescript-fetch": "^1.1.3",
+        "path-browserify": "^1.0.1",
+        "platform": "^1.3.6",
+        "ws": "^8.15.1"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=18"
+      },
+      "optionalDependencies": {
+        "bufferutil": "^4.0.8",
+        "utf-8-validate": "^6.0.3"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/e2b/node_modules/utf-8-validate": {
+      "version": "6.0.4",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/utf-8-validate/-/utf-8-validate-6.0.4.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-xu9GQDeFp+eZ6LnCywXN/zBancWvOpUMzgjLPSjy4BRHSmTelvn2E0DG0o1sTiw5hkCKBHo8rwSKncfRfv2EEQ==",
+      "hasInstallScript": true,
+      "optional": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "node-gyp-build": "^4.3.0"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=6.14.2"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/e2b/node_modules/ws": {
+      "version": "8.17.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/ws/-/ws-8.17.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-uJq6108EgZMAl20KagGkzCKfMEjxmKvZHG7Tlq0Z6nOky7YF7aq4mOx6xK8TJ/i1LeK4Qus7INktacctDgY8Ow==",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=10.0.0"
+      },
+      "peerDependencies": {
+        "bufferutil": "^4.0.1",
+        "utf-8-validate": ">=5.0.2"
+      },
+      "peerDependenciesMeta": {
+        "bufferutil": {
+          "optional": true
+        },
+        "utf-8-validate": {
+          "optional": true
+        }
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/ee-first": {
       "version": "1.1.1",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/ee-first/-/ee-first-1.1.1.tgz",
@@ -1082,6 +1182,14 @@
         "node": ">=0.12.0"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/isomorphic-ws": {
+      "version": "5.0.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/isomorphic-ws/-/isomorphic-ws-5.0.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-muId7Zzn9ywDsyXgTIafTry2sV3nySZeUDe6YedVd1Hvuuep5AsIlqK+XefWpYTyJG5e503F2xIuT2lcU6rCSw==",
+      "peerDependencies": {
+        "ws": "*"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/lodash": {
       "version": "4.17.21",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/lodash/-/lodash-4.17.21.tgz",
@@ -1186,6 +1294,17 @@
         "node": ">= 0.6"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/node-gyp-build": {
+      "version": "4.8.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/node-gyp-build/-/node-gyp-build-4.8.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-OSs33Z9yWr148JZcbZd5WiAXhh/n9z8TxQcdMhIOlpN9AhWpLfvVFO73+m77bBABQMaY9XSvIa+qk0jlI7Gcaw==",
+      "optional": true,
+      "bin": {
+        "node-gyp-build": "bin.js",
+        "node-gyp-build-optional": "optional.js",
+        "node-gyp-build-test": "build-test.js"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/node-pty": {
       "version": "1.0.0",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/node-pty/-/node-pty-1.0.0.tgz",
@@ -1265,7 +1384,6 @@
       "version": "3.0.0",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/normalize-path/-/normalize-path-3.0.0.tgz",
       "integrity": "sha512-6eZs5Ls3WtCisHWp9S2GUy8dqkpGi4BVSz3GaqiE6ezub0512ESztXUwUB6C6IKbQkY2Pnb/mD4WYojCRwcwLA==",
-      "dev": true,
       "engines": {
         "node": ">=0.10.0"
       }
@@ -1297,6 +1415,15 @@
         "node": ">= 0.8"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/openapi-typescript-fetch": {
+      "version": "1.1.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/openapi-typescript-fetch/-/openapi-typescript-fetch-1.1.3.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-smLZPck4OkKMNExcw8jMgrMOGgVGx2N/s6DbKL2ftNl77g5HfoGpZGFy79RBzU/EkaO0OZpwBnslfdBfh7ZcWg==",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 12.0.0",
+        "npm": ">= 7.0.0"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/parseurl": {
       "version": "1.3.3",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/parseurl/-/parseurl-1.3.3.tgz",
@@ -1305,6 +1432,11 @@
         "node": ">= 0.8"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/path-browserify": {
+      "version": "1.0.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/path-browserify/-/path-browserify-1.0.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-b7uo2UCUOYZcnF/3ID0lulOJi/bafxa1xPe7ZPsammBSpjSWQkjNxlt635YGS2MiR9GjvuXCtz2emr3jbsz98g=="
+    },
     "node_modules/path-to-regexp": {
       "version": "0.1.7",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/path-to-regexp/-/path-to-regexp-0.1.7.tgz",
@@ -1322,6 +1454,11 @@
         "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/jonschlinkert"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/platform": {
+      "version": "1.3.6",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/platform/-/platform-1.3.6.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-fnWVljUchTro6RiCFvCXBbNhJc2NijN7oIQxbwsyL0buWJPG85v81ehlHI9fXrJsMNgTofEoWIQeClKpgxFLrg=="
+    },
     "node_modules/proxy-addr": {
       "version": "2.0.7",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/proxy-addr/-/proxy-addr-2.0.7.tgz",
@@ -1835,6 +1972,20 @@
         "node": ">= 0.8"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/utf-8-validate": {
+      "version": "5.0.10",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/utf-8-validate/-/utf-8-validate-5.0.10.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-Z6czzLq4u8fPOyx7TU6X3dvUZVvoJmxSQ+IcrlmagKhilxlhZgxPK6C5Jqbkw1IDUmFTM+cz9QDnnLTwDz/2gQ==",
+      "hasInstallScript": true,
+      "optional": true,
+      "peer": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "node-gyp-build": "^4.3.0"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=6.14.2"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/utils-merge": {
       "version": "1.0.1",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/utils-merge/-/utils-merge-1.0.1.tgz",

backend/server/package.json

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
   "author": "",
   "license": "ISC",
   "dependencies": {
+    "@e2b/code-interpreter": "^0.0.7",
     "concurrently": "^8.2.2",
     "cors": "^2.8.5",
     "dotenv": "^16.4.5",

backend/server/src/index.ts

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import {
   renameFile,
   saveFile,
 } from "./utils";
-import { IDisposable, IPty, spawn } from "node-pty";
+import { Sandbox, Process, ProcessMessage } from "e2b";
 import {
   MAX_BODY_SIZE,
   createFileRL,
@@ -44,7 +44,10 @@ let inactivityTimeout: NodeJS.Timeout | null = null;
 let isOwnerConnected = false;
 
 const terminals: {
-  [id: string]: { terminal: IPty; onData: IDisposable; onExit: IDisposable };
+  [id: string]: Process;
+} = {};
+const containers: {
+  [id: string]: Sandbox;
 } = {};
 
 const dirName = path.join(__dirname, "..");
@@ -100,6 +103,32 @@ io.use(async (socket, next) => {
   next();
 });
 
+class LockManager {
+  private locks: { [key: string]: Promise<any> };
+
+  constructor() {
+    this.locks = {};
+  }
+
+  async acquireLock<T>(key: string, task: () => Promise<T>): Promise<T> {
+    if (!this.locks[key]) {
+      this.locks[key] = new Promise<T>(async (resolve, reject) => {
+        try {
+          const result = await task();
+          resolve(result);
+        } catch (error) {
+          reject(error);
+        } finally {
+          delete this.locks[key];
+        }
+      });
+    }
+    return await this.locks[key];
+  }
+}
+
+const lockManager = new LockManager();
+
 io.on("connection", async (socket) => {
   if (inactivityTimeout) clearTimeout(inactivityTimeout);
 
@@ -118,6 +147,16 @@ io.on("connection", async (socket) => {
     }
   }
 
+  await lockManager.acquireLock(data.sandboxId, async () => {
+    if (!containers[data.sandboxId]) {
+      console.log("Creating container ", data.sandboxId);
+      containers[data.sandboxId] = await Sandbox.create({
+        template: "terminal",
+      });
+      console.log("Created.");
+    }
+  });
+
   const sandboxFiles = await getSandboxFiles(data.sandboxId);
   sandboxFiles.fileData.forEach((file) => {
     const filePath = path.join(dirName, file.id);
@@ -319,42 +358,55 @@ io.on("connection", async (socket) => {
     callback(newFiles.files);
   });
 
-  socket.on("createTerminal", (id: string, callback) => {
+  function toBackslashNotation(input: string) {
+    return input
+      .replace(/\\/g, "\\\\") // Escape backslashes
+      .replace(/\n/g, "\\n") // Escape newlines
+      .replace(/\r/g, "\\r") // Escape carriage returns
+      .replace(/\t/g, "\\t") // Escape tabs
+      .replace(/"/g, '\\"') // Escape double quotes
+      .replace(/'/g, "\\'") // Escape single quotes
+      .replace(/\f/g, "\\f") // Escape form feeds
+      .replace(/\b/g, "\\b") // Escape backspaces
+      .replace(/\v/g, "\\v") // Escape vertical tabs
+      .replace(/\0/g, "\\0") // Escape null characters
+      .replace(/\a/g, "\\a") // Escape alert (bell)
+      .replace(/\e/g, "\\e"); // Escape escape
+  }
+
+  socket.on("createTerminal", async (id: string, callback) => {
     if (terminals[id] || Object.keys(terminals).length >= 4) {
       return;
     }
 
-    const pty = spawn(os.platform() === "win32" ? "cmd.exe" : "bash", [], {
+    const onData = (data: ProcessMessage) => {
-      name: "xterm",
+      console.log("process", toBackslashNotation(data.toString()));
-      cols: 100,
-      cwd: path.join(dirName, "projects", data.sandboxId),
-    });
-
-    const onData = pty.onData((data) => {
       io.emit("terminalResponse", {
         id,
-        data,
+        data: data.toString(),
       });
-    });
-
-    const onExit = pty.onExit((code) => console.log("exit :(", code));
-
-    pty.write("export PS1='\\u > '\r");
-    pty.write("clear\r");
-
-    terminals[id] = {
-      terminal: pty,
-      onData,
-      onExit,
     };
 
+    await lockManager.acquireLock(data.sandboxId, async () => {
+      console.log("Creating terminal", id);
+      terminals[id] = await containers[data.sandboxId].process.start({
+        cmd: 'TERM=xterm script -c "screen" /dev/null', // xterm vt100
+        onStdout: onData,
+        onStderr: onData,
+        onExit: (code) => console.log("exit :(", code),
+      });
+      terminals[id].sendStdin("export PS1='\\u > '\r\n");
+      terminals[id].sendStdin("clear\r\n");
+      console.log("Created terminal", id);
+    });
+
     callback();
   });
 
   socket.on("resizeTerminal", (dimensions: { cols: number; rows: number }) => {
-    Object.values(terminals).forEach((t) => {
+    /*Object.values(terminals).forEach((t) => {
       t.terminal.resize(dimensions.cols, dimensions.rows);
-    });
+    });*/
   });
 
   socket.on("terminalData", (id: string, data: string) => {
@@ -363,19 +415,19 @@ io.on("connection", async (socket) => {
     }
 
     try {
-      terminals[id].terminal.write(data);
+      console.log(`Writing ${toBackslashNotation(data)} to ${id}`);
+      terminals[id].sendStdin(data);
     } catch (e) {
       console.log("Error writing to terminal", e);
     }
   });
 
-  socket.on("closeTerminal", (id: string, callback) => {
+  socket.on("closeTerminal", async (id: string, callback) => {
     if (!terminals[id]) {
       return;
     }
 
-    terminals[id].onData.dispose();
+    await terminals[id].kill();
-    terminals[id].onExit.dispose();
     delete terminals[id];
 
     callback();
@@ -429,12 +481,20 @@ io.on("connection", async (socket) => {
   socket.on("disconnect", async () => {
     if (data.isOwner) {
       Object.entries(terminals).forEach((t) => {
-        const { terminal, onData, onExit } = t[1];
+        const terminal = t[1];
-        onData.dispose();
+        terminal.kill();
-        onExit.dispose();
         delete terminals[t[0]];
       });
 
+      await lockManager.acquireLock(data.sandboxId, async () => {
+        if (containers[data.sandboxId]) {
+          console.log("Closing container", data.sandboxId);
+          await containers[data.sandboxId].close();
+          delete containers[data.sandboxId];
+          console.log("Closed");
+        }
+      });
+
       socket.broadcast.emit(
         "disableAccess",
         "The sandbox owner has disconnected."