feat: add run button

README.md

@@ -29,7 +29,9 @@ npm run dev
 
 ### Backend
 
-The backend consists of a primary Express and Socket.io server, and 3 Cloudflare Workers microservices for the D1 database, R2 storage, and Workers AI. The D1 database also contains a [service binding](https://developers.cloudflare.com/workers/runtime-apis/bindings/service-bindings/) to the R2 storage worker.
+The backend consists of a primary Express and Socket.io server, and 3 Cloudflare Workers microservices for the D1 database, R2 storage, and Workers AI. The D1 database also contains a [service binding](https://developers.cloudflare.com/workers/runtime-apis/bindings/service-bindings/) to the R2 storage worker. Each open sandbox instantiates a secure Linux sandboxes on E2B, which is used for the terminal and live preview.
+
+You will need to make an account on [E2B](https://e2b.dev/) to get an API key.
 
 #### Socket.io server
 
@@ -181,3 +183,4 @@ It should be in the form `category(scope or module): message` in your commit mes
 - [Express](https://expressjs.com/)
 - [Socket.io](https://socket.io/)
 - [Drizzle ORM](https://orm.drizzle.team/)
+- [E2B](https://e2b.dev/)

backend/database/src/index.ts

@@ -110,8 +110,13 @@ export default {
 				const body = await request.json()
 				const { type, name, userId, visibility } = initSchema.parse(body)
 
-				const allSandboxes = await db.select().from(sandbox).all()
+				const userSandboxes = await db
-				if (allSandboxes.length >= 8) {
+					.select()
+					.from(sandbox)
+					.where(eq(sandbox.userId, userId))
+					.all()
+
+				if (userSandboxes.length >= 8) {
 					return new Response("You reached the maximum # of sandboxes.", {
 						status: 400,
 					})

backend/server/.env.example

@@ -5,3 +5,4 @@ PORT=4000
 WORKERS_KEY=
 DATABASE_WORKER_URL=
 STORAGE_WORKER_URL=
+E2B_API_KEY=

backend/server/src/index.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-import fs from "fs";
 import os from "os";
 import path from "path";
 import cors from "cors";
@@ -19,7 +18,7 @@ import {
   saveFile,
 } from "./fileoperations";
 import { LockManager } from "./utils";
-import { Sandbox, Terminal } from "e2b";
+import { Sandbox, Terminal, FilesystemManager } from "e2b";
 import {
   MAX_BODY_SIZE,
   createFileRL,
@@ -45,9 +44,20 @@ let inactivityTimeout: NodeJS.Timeout | null = null;
 let isOwnerConnected = false;
 
 const containers: Record<string, Sandbox> = {};
+const connections: Record<string, number> = {};
 const terminals: Record<string, Terminal> = {};
 
-const dirName = path.join(__dirname, "..");
+const dirName = "/home/user";
+
+const moveFile = async (
+  filesystem: FilesystemManager,
+  filePath: string,
+  newFilePath: string
+) => {
+  const fileContents = await filesystem.readBytes(filePath);
+  await filesystem.writeBytes(newFilePath, fileContents);
+  await filesystem.remove(filePath);
+};
 
 io.use(async (socket, next) => {
   const handshakeSchema = z.object({
@@ -103,376 +113,487 @@ io.use(async (socket, next) => {
 const lockManager = new LockManager();
 
 io.on("connection", async (socket) => {
-  if (inactivityTimeout) clearTimeout(inactivityTimeout);
+  try {
+    if (inactivityTimeout) clearTimeout(inactivityTimeout);
 
-  const data = socket.data as {
+    const data = socket.data as {
-    userId: string;
+      userId: string;
-    sandboxId: string;
+      sandboxId: string;
-    isOwner: boolean;
+      isOwner: boolean;
-  };
+    };
 
-  if (data.isOwner) {
+    if (data.isOwner) {
-    isOwnerConnected = true;
+      isOwnerConnected = true;
-  } else {
+      connections[data.sandboxId] = (connections[data.sandboxId] ?? 0) + 1;
-    if (!isOwnerConnected) {
+    } else {
-      socket.emit("disableAccess", "The sandbox owner is not connected.");
+      if (!isOwnerConnected) {
-      return;
+        socket.emit("disableAccess", "The sandbox owner is not connected.");
-    }
-  }
-
-  await lockManager.acquireLock(data.sandboxId, async () => {
-    try {
-      if (!containers[data.sandboxId]) {
-        containers[data.sandboxId] = await Sandbox.create();
-        console.log("Created container ", data.sandboxId);
-      }
-    } catch (error) {
-      console.error("Error creating container ", data.sandboxId, error);
-    }
-  });
-
-  const sandboxFiles = await getSandboxFiles(data.sandboxId);
-  sandboxFiles.fileData.forEach((file) => {
-    const filePath = path.join(dirName, file.id);
-    fs.mkdirSync(path.dirname(filePath), { recursive: true });
-    fs.writeFile(filePath, file.data, function (err) {
-      if (err) throw err;
-    });
-  });
-
-  socket.emit("loaded", sandboxFiles.files);
-
-  socket.on("getFile", (fileId: string, callback) => {
-    const file = sandboxFiles.fileData.find((f) => f.id === fileId);
-    if (!file) return;
-
-    callback(file.data);
-  });
-
-  socket.on("getFolder", async (folderId: string, callback) => {
-    const files = await getFolder(folderId);
-    callback(files);
-  });
-
-  // todo: send diffs + debounce for efficiency
-  socket.on("saveFile", async (fileId: string, body: string) => {
-    try {
-      await saveFileRL.consume(data.userId, 1);
-
-      if (Buffer.byteLength(body, "utf-8") > MAX_BODY_SIZE) {
-        socket.emit(
-          "rateLimit",
-          "Rate limited: file size too large. Please reduce the file size."
-        );
         return;
       }
-
-      const file = sandboxFiles.fileData.find((f) => f.id === fileId);
-      if (!file) return;
-      file.data = body;
-
-      fs.writeFile(path.join(dirName, file.id), body, function (err) {
-        if (err) throw err;
-      });
-      await saveFile(fileId, body);
-    } catch (e) {
-      io.emit("rateLimit", "Rate limited: file saving. Please slow down.");
-    }
-  });
-
-  socket.on("moveFile", async (fileId: string, folderId: string, callback) => {
-    const file = sandboxFiles.fileData.find((f) => f.id === fileId);
-    if (!file) return;
-
-    const parts = fileId.split("/");
-    const newFileId = folderId + "/" + parts.pop();
-
-    fs.rename(
-      path.join(dirName, fileId),
-      path.join(dirName, newFileId),
-      function (err) {
-        if (err) throw err;
-      }
-    );
-
-    file.id = newFileId;
-
-    await renameFile(fileId, newFileId, file.data);
-    const newFiles = await getSandboxFiles(data.sandboxId);
-
-    callback(newFiles.files);
-  });
-
-  socket.on("createFile", async (name: string, callback) => {
-    try {
-      const size: number = await getProjectSize(data.sandboxId);
-      // limit is 200mb
-      if (size > 200 * 1024 * 1024) {
-        io.emit(
-          "rateLimit",
-          "Rate limited: project size exceeded. Please delete some files."
-        );
-        callback({ success: false });
-      }
-
-      await createFileRL.consume(data.userId, 1);
-
-      const id = `projects/${data.sandboxId}/${name}`;
-
-      fs.writeFile(path.join(dirName, id), "", function (err) {
-        if (err) throw err;
-      });
-
-      sandboxFiles.files.push({
-        id,
-        name,
-        type: "file",
-      });
-
-      sandboxFiles.fileData.push({
-        id,
-        data: "",
-      });
-
-      await createFile(id);
-
-      callback({ success: true });
-    } catch (e) {
-      io.emit("rateLimit", "Rate limited: file creation. Please slow down.");
-    }
-  });
-
-  socket.on("createFolder", async (name: string, callback) => {
-    try {
-      await createFolderRL.consume(data.userId, 1);
-
-      const id = `projects/${data.sandboxId}/${name}`;
-
-      fs.mkdir(path.join(dirName, id), { recursive: true }, function (err) {
-        if (err) throw err;
-      });
-
-      callback();
-    } catch (e) {
-      io.emit("rateLimit", "Rate limited: folder creation. Please slow down.");
-    }
-  });
-
-  socket.on("renameFile", async (fileId: string, newName: string) => {
-    try {
-      await renameFileRL.consume(data.userId, 1);
-
-      const file = sandboxFiles.fileData.find((f) => f.id === fileId);
-      if (!file) return;
-      file.id = newName;
-
-      const parts = fileId.split("/");
-      const newFileId =
-        parts.slice(0, parts.length - 1).join("/") + "/" + newName;
-
-      fs.rename(
-        path.join(dirName, fileId),
-        path.join(dirName, newFileId),
-        function (err) {
-          if (err) throw err;
-        }
-      );
-      await renameFile(fileId, newFileId, file.data);
-    } catch (e) {
-      io.emit("rateLimit", "Rate limited: file renaming. Please slow down.");
-      return;
-    }
-  });
-
-  socket.on("deleteFile", async (fileId: string, callback) => {
-    try {
-      await deleteFileRL.consume(data.userId, 1);
-      const file = sandboxFiles.fileData.find((f) => f.id === fileId);
-      if (!file) return;
-
-      fs.unlink(path.join(dirName, fileId), function (err) {
-        if (err) throw err;
-      });
-      sandboxFiles.fileData = sandboxFiles.fileData.filter(
-        (f) => f.id !== fileId
-      );
-
-      await deleteFile(fileId);
-
-      const newFiles = await getSandboxFiles(data.sandboxId);
-      callback(newFiles.files);
-    } catch (e) {
-      io.emit("rateLimit", "Rate limited: file deletion. Please slow down.");
-    }
-  });
-
-  // todo
-  // socket.on("renameFolder", async (folderId: string, newName: string) => {
-  // });
-
-  socket.on("deleteFolder", async (folderId: string, callback) => {
-    const files = await getFolder(folderId);
-
-    await Promise.all(
-      files.map(async (file) => {
-        fs.unlink(path.join(dirName, file), function (err) {
-          if (err) throw err;
-        });
-
-        sandboxFiles.fileData = sandboxFiles.fileData.filter(
-          (f) => f.id !== file
-        );
-
-        await deleteFile(file);
-      })
-    );
-
-    const newFiles = await getSandboxFiles(data.sandboxId);
-
-    callback(newFiles.files);
-  });
-
-  socket.on("createTerminal", async (id: string, callback) => {
-    if (terminals[id] || Object.keys(terminals).length >= 4) {
-      return;
     }
 
     await lockManager.acquireLock(data.sandboxId, async () => {
       try {
-        terminals[id] = await containers[data.sandboxId].terminal.start({
+        if (!containers[data.sandboxId]) {
-          onData: (data: string) => {
+          containers[data.sandboxId] = await Sandbox.create();
-            io.emit("terminalResponse", { id, data });
+          console.log("Created container ", data.sandboxId);
-          },
+          io.emit(
-          size: { cols: 80, rows: 20 },
+            "previewURL",
-          onExit: () => console.log("Terminal exited", id),
+            "https://" + containers[data.sandboxId].getHostname(5173)
-        });
+          );
-        await terminals[id].sendData("export PS1='user> '\rclear\r");
+        }
-        console.log("Created terminal", id);
+      } catch (e: any) {
-      } catch (error) {
+        console.error(`Error creating container ${data.sandboxId}:`, e);
-        console.error("Error creating terminal ", id, error);
+        io.emit("error", `Error: container creation. ${e.message ?? e}`);
       }
     });
 
-    callback();
+    // Change the owner of the project directory to user
-  });
+    const fixPermissions = async () => {
+      await containers[data.sandboxId].process.startAndWait(
+        `sudo chown -R user "${path.join(dirName, "projects", data.sandboxId)}"`
+      );
+    };
 
-  socket.on("resizeTerminal", (dimensions: { cols: number; rows: number }) => {
+    const sandboxFiles = await getSandboxFiles(data.sandboxId);
-    Object.values(terminals).forEach((t) => {
+    sandboxFiles.fileData.forEach(async (file) => {
-      t.resize(dimensions);
+      const filePath = path.join(dirName, file.id);
+      await containers[data.sandboxId].filesystem.makeDir(
+        path.dirname(filePath)
+      );
+      await containers[data.sandboxId].filesystem.write(filePath, file.data);
     });
-  });
+    fixPermissions();
 
-  socket.on("terminalData", (id: string, data: string) => {
+    socket.emit("loaded", sandboxFiles.files);
-    if (!terminals[id]) {
-      return;
-    }
 
-    try {
+    socket.on("getFile", (fileId: string, callback) => {
-      terminals[id].sendData(data);
+      console.log(fileId);
-    } catch (e) {
+      try {
-      console.log("Error writing to terminal", e);
+        const file = sandboxFiles.fileData.find((f) => f.id === fileId);
-    }
+        if (!file) return;
-  });
 
-  socket.on("closeTerminal", async (id: string, callback) => {
+        callback(file.data);
-    if (!terminals[id]) {
+      } catch (e: any) {
-      return;
+        console.error("Error getting file:", e);
-    }
+        io.emit("error", `Error: get file. ${e.message ?? e}`);
+      }
+    });
 
-    await terminals[id].kill();
+    socket.on("getFolder", async (folderId: string, callback) => {
-    delete terminals[id];
+      try {
+        const files = await getFolder(folderId);
+        callback(files);
+      } catch (e: any) {
+        console.error("Error getting folder:", e);
+        io.emit("error", `Error: get folder. ${e.message ?? e}`);
+      }
+    });
 
-    callback();
+    // todo: send diffs + debounce for efficiency
-  });
+    socket.on("saveFile", async (fileId: string, body: string) => {
-
+      try {
-  socket.on(
+        if (Buffer.byteLength(body, "utf-8") > MAX_BODY_SIZE) {
-    "generateCode",
+          socket.emit(
-    async (
+            "error",
-      fileName: string,
+            "Error: file size too large. Please reduce the file size."
-      code: string,
+          );
-      line: number,
+          return;
-      instructions: string,
-      callback
-    ) => {
-      const fetchPromise = fetch(
-        `${process.env.DATABASE_WORKER_URL}/api/sandbox/generate`,
-        {
-          method: "POST",
-          headers: {
-            "Content-Type": "application/json",
-            Authorization: `${process.env.WORKERS_KEY}`,
-          },
-          body: JSON.stringify({
-            userId: data.userId,
-          }),
         }
-      );
-
-      // Generate code from cloudflare workers AI
-      const generateCodePromise = fetch(
-        `${process.env.AI_WORKER_URL}/api?fileName=${fileName}&code=${code}&line=${line}&instructions=${instructions}`,
-        {
-          headers: {
-            "Content-Type": "application/json",
-            Authorization: `${process.env.CF_AI_KEY}`,
-          },
-        }
-      );
-
-      const [fetchResponse, generateCodeResponse] = await Promise.all([
-        fetchPromise,
-        generateCodePromise,
-      ]);
-
-      const json = await generateCodeResponse.json();
-
-      callback({ response: json.response, success: true });
-    }
-  );
-
-  socket.on("disconnect", async () => {
-    if (data.isOwner) {
-      Object.entries(terminals).forEach((t) => {
-        const terminal = t[1];
-        terminal.kill();
-        delete terminals[t[0]];
-      });
-
-      await lockManager.acquireLock(data.sandboxId, async () => {
         try {
-          if (containers[data.sandboxId]) {
+          await saveFileRL.consume(data.userId, 1);
-            await containers[data.sandboxId].close();
+          await saveFile(fileId, body);
-            delete containers[data.sandboxId];
+        } catch (e) {
-            console.log("Closed container", data.sandboxId);
+          io.emit("error", "Rate limited: file saving. Please slow down.");
-          }
+          return;
-        } catch (error) {
-          console.error("Error closing container ", data.sandboxId, error);
         }
-      });
 
-      socket.broadcast.emit(
+        const file = sandboxFiles.fileData.find((f) => f.id === fileId);
-        "disableAccess",
+        if (!file) return;
-        "The sandbox owner has disconnected."
+        file.data = body;
-      );
-    }
 
-    // const sockets = await io.fetchSockets();
+        await containers[data.sandboxId].filesystem.write(
-    // if (inactivityTimeout) {
+          path.join(dirName, file.id),
-    //   clearTimeout(inactivityTimeout);
+          body
-    // }
+        );
-    // if (sockets.length === 0) {
+        fixPermissions();
-    //   console.log("STARTING TIMER");
+      } catch (e: any) {
-    //   inactivityTimeout = setTimeout(() => {
+        console.error("Error saving file:", e);
-    //     io.fetchSockets().then(async (sockets) => {
+        io.emit("error", `Error: file saving. ${e.message ?? e}`);
-    //       if (sockets.length === 0) {
+      }
-    //         console.log("Server stopped", res);
+    });
-    //       }
+
-    //     });
+    socket.on(
-    //   }, 20000);
+      "moveFile",
-    // } else {
+      async (fileId: string, folderId: string, callback) => {
-    //   console.log("number of sockets", sockets.length);
+        try {
-    // }
+          const file = sandboxFiles.fileData.find((f) => f.id === fileId);
-  });
+          if (!file) return;
+
+          const parts = fileId.split("/");
+          const newFileId = folderId + "/" + parts.pop();
+
+          await moveFile(
+            containers[data.sandboxId].filesystem,
+            path.join(dirName, fileId),
+            path.join(dirName, newFileId)
+          );
+          fixPermissions();
+
+          file.id = newFileId;
+
+          await renameFile(fileId, newFileId, file.data);
+          const newFiles = await getSandboxFiles(data.sandboxId);
+          callback(newFiles.files);
+        } catch (e: any) {
+          console.error("Error moving file:", e);
+          io.emit("error", `Error: file moving. ${e.message ?? e}`);
+        }
+      }
+    );
+
+    socket.on("createFile", async (name: string, callback) => {
+      try {
+        const size: number = await getProjectSize(data.sandboxId);
+        // limit is 200mb
+        if (size > 200 * 1024 * 1024) {
+          io.emit(
+            "error",
+            "Rate limited: project size exceeded. Please delete some files."
+          );
+          callback({ success: false });
+          return;
+        }
+
+        try {
+          await createFileRL.consume(data.userId, 1);
+        } catch (e) {
+          io.emit("error", "Rate limited: file creation. Please slow down.");
+          return;
+        }
+
+        const id = `projects/${data.sandboxId}/${name}`;
+
+        await containers[data.sandboxId].filesystem.write(
+          path.join(dirName, id),
+          ""
+        );
+        fixPermissions();
+
+        sandboxFiles.files.push({
+          id,
+          name,
+          type: "file",
+        });
+
+        sandboxFiles.fileData.push({
+          id,
+          data: "",
+        });
+
+        await createFile(id);
+
+        callback({ success: true });
+      } catch (e: any) {
+        console.error("Error creating file:", e);
+        io.emit("error", `Error: file creation. ${e.message ?? e}`);
+      }
+    });
+
+    socket.on("createFolder", async (name: string, callback) => {
+      try {
+        try {
+          await createFolderRL.consume(data.userId, 1);
+        } catch (e) {
+          io.emit("error", "Rate limited: folder creation. Please slow down.");
+          return;
+        }
+
+        const id = `projects/${data.sandboxId}/${name}`;
+
+        await containers[data.sandboxId].filesystem.makeDir(
+          path.join(dirName, id)
+        );
+
+        callback();
+      } catch (e: any) {
+        console.error("Error creating folder:", e);
+        io.emit("error", `Error: folder creation. ${e.message ?? e}`);
+      }
+    });
+
+    socket.on("renameFile", async (fileId: string, newName: string) => {
+      try {
+        try {
+          await renameFileRL.consume(data.userId, 1);
+        } catch (e) {
+          io.emit("error", "Rate limited: file renaming. Please slow down.");
+          return;
+        }
+
+        const file = sandboxFiles.fileData.find((f) => f.id === fileId);
+        if (!file) return;
+        file.id = newName;
+
+        const parts = fileId.split("/");
+        const newFileId =
+          parts.slice(0, parts.length - 1).join("/") + "/" + newName;
+
+        await moveFile(
+          containers[data.sandboxId].filesystem,
+          path.join(dirName, fileId),
+          path.join(dirName, newFileId)
+        );
+        fixPermissions();
+        await renameFile(fileId, newFileId, file.data);
+      } catch (e: any) {
+        console.error("Error renaming folder:", e);
+        io.emit("error", `Error: folder renaming. ${e.message ?? e}`);
+      }
+    });
+
+    socket.on("deleteFile", async (fileId: string, callback) => {
+      try {
+        try {
+          await deleteFileRL.consume(data.userId, 1);
+        } catch (e) {
+          io.emit("error", "Rate limited: file deletion. Please slow down.");
+        }
+
+        const file = sandboxFiles.fileData.find((f) => f.id === fileId);
+        if (!file) return;
+
+        await containers[data.sandboxId].filesystem.remove(
+          path.join(dirName, fileId)
+        );
+        sandboxFiles.fileData = sandboxFiles.fileData.filter(
+          (f) => f.id !== fileId
+        );
+
+        await deleteFile(fileId);
+
+        const newFiles = await getSandboxFiles(data.sandboxId);
+        callback(newFiles.files);
+      } catch (e: any) {
+        console.error("Error deleting file:", e);
+        io.emit("error", `Error: file deletion. ${e.message ?? e}`);
+      }
+    });
+
+    // todo
+    // socket.on("renameFolder", async (folderId: string, newName: string) => {
+    // });
+
+    socket.on("deleteFolder", async (folderId: string, callback) => {
+      try {
+        const files = await getFolder(folderId);
+
+        await Promise.all(
+          files.map(async (file) => {
+            await containers[data.sandboxId].filesystem.remove(
+              path.join(dirName, file)
+            );
+
+            sandboxFiles.fileData = sandboxFiles.fileData.filter(
+              (f) => f.id !== file
+            );
+
+            await deleteFile(file);
+          })
+        );
+
+        const newFiles = await getSandboxFiles(data.sandboxId);
+
+        callback(newFiles.files);
+      } catch (e: any) {
+        console.error("Error deleting folder:", e);
+        io.emit("error", `Error: folder deletion. ${e.message ?? e}`);
+      }
+    });
+
+    socket.on("createTerminal", async (id: string, callback) => {
+      try {
+        if (terminals[id] || Object.keys(terminals).length >= 4) {
+          return;
+        }
+
+        await lockManager.acquireLock(data.sandboxId, async () => {
+          try {
+            terminals[id] = await containers[data.sandboxId].terminal.start({
+              onData: (data: string) => {
+                io.emit("terminalResponse", { id, data });
+              },
+              size: { cols: 80, rows: 20 },
+              onExit: () => console.log("Terminal exited", id),
+            });
+            await terminals[id].sendData(
+              `cd "${path.join(dirName, "projects", data.sandboxId)}"\r`
+            );
+            await terminals[id].sendData("export PS1='user> '\rclear\r");
+            console.log("Created terminal", id);
+          } catch (e: any) {
+            console.error(`Error creating terminal ${id}:`, e);
+            io.emit("error", `Error: terminal creation. ${e.message ?? e}`);
+          }
+        });
+
+        callback();
+      } catch (e: any) {
+        console.error(`Error creating terminal ${id}:`, e);
+        io.emit("error", `Error: terminal creation. ${e.message ?? e}`);
+      }
+    });
+
+    socket.on(
+      "resizeTerminal",
+      (dimensions: { cols: number; rows: number }) => {
+        try {
+          Object.values(terminals).forEach((t) => {
+            t.resize(dimensions);
+          });
+        } catch (e: any) {
+          console.error("Error resizing terminal:", e);
+          io.emit("error", `Error: terminal resizing. ${e.message ?? e}`);
+        }
+      }
+    );
+
+    socket.on("terminalData", (id: string, data: string) => {
+      try {
+        if (!terminals[id]) {
+          return;
+        }
+
+        terminals[id].sendData(data);
+      } catch (e: any) {
+        console.error("Error writing to terminal:", e);
+        io.emit("error", `Error: writing to terminal. ${e.message ?? e}`);
+      }
+    });
+
+    socket.on("closeTerminal", async (id: string, callback) => {
+      try {
+        if (!terminals[id]) {
+          return;
+        }
+
+        await terminals[id].kill();
+        delete terminals[id];
+
+        callback();
+      } catch (e: any) {
+        console.error("Error closing terminal:", e);
+        io.emit("error", `Error: closing terminal. ${e.message ?? e}`);
+      }
+    });
+
+    socket.on(
+      "generateCode",
+      async (
+        fileName: string,
+        code: string,
+        line: number,
+        instructions: string,
+        callback
+      ) => {
+        try {
+          const fetchPromise = fetch(
+            `${process.env.DATABASE_WORKER_URL}/api/sandbox/generate`,
+            {
+              method: "POST",
+              headers: {
+                "Content-Type": "application/json",
+                Authorization: `${process.env.WORKERS_KEY}`,
+              },
+              body: JSON.stringify({
+                userId: data.userId,
+              }),
+            }
+          );
+
+          // Generate code from cloudflare workers AI
+          const generateCodePromise = fetch(
+            `${process.env.AI_WORKER_URL}/api?fileName=${fileName}&code=${code}&line=${line}&instructions=${instructions}`,
+            {
+              headers: {
+                "Content-Type": "application/json",
+                Authorization: `${process.env.CF_AI_KEY}`,
+              },
+            }
+          );
+
+          const [fetchResponse, generateCodeResponse] = await Promise.all([
+            fetchPromise,
+            generateCodePromise,
+          ]);
+
+          const json = await generateCodeResponse.json();
+
+          callback({ response: json.response, success: true });
+        } catch (e: any) {
+          console.error("Error generating code:", e);
+          io.emit("error", `Error: code generation. ${e.message ?? e}`);
+        }
+      }
+    );
+
+    socket.on("disconnect", async () => {
+      try {
+        if (data.isOwner) {
+          connections[data.sandboxId]--;
+        }
+
+        if (data.isOwner && connections[data.sandboxId] <= 0) {
+          await Promise.all(
+            Object.entries(terminals).map(async ([key, terminal]) => {
+              await terminal.kill();
+              delete terminals[key];
+            })
+          );
+
+          await lockManager.acquireLock(data.sandboxId, async () => {
+            try {
+              if (containers[data.sandboxId]) {
+                await containers[data.sandboxId].close();
+                delete containers[data.sandboxId];
+                console.log("Closed container", data.sandboxId);
+              }
+            } catch (error) {
+              console.error("Error closing container ", data.sandboxId, error);
+            }
+          });
+
+          socket.broadcast.emit(
+            "disableAccess",
+            "The sandbox owner has disconnected."
+          );
+        }
+
+        // const sockets = await io.fetchSockets();
+        // if (inactivityTimeout) {
+        //   clearTimeout(inactivityTimeout);
+        // }
+        // if (sockets.length === 0) {
+        //   console.log("STARTING TIMER");
+        //   inactivityTimeout = setTimeout(() => {
+        //     io.fetchSockets().then(async (sockets) => {
+        //       if (sockets.length === 0) {
+        //         console.log("Server stopped", res);
+        //       }
+        //     });
+        //   }, 20000);
+        // } else {
+        //   console.log("number of sockets", sockets.length);
+        // }
+      } catch (e: any) {
+        console.log("Error disconnecting:", e);
+        io.emit("error", `Error: disconnecting. ${e.message ?? e}`);
+      }
+    });
+  } catch (e: any) {
+    console.error("Error connecting:", e);
+    io.emit("error", `Error: connection. ${e.message ?? e}`);
+  }
 });
 
 httpServer.listen(port, () => {

frontend/app/layout.tsx

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { ThemeProvider } from "@/components/layout/themeProvider"
 import { ClerkProvider } from "@clerk/nextjs"
 import { Toaster } from "@/components/ui/sonner"
 import { Analytics } from "@vercel/analytics/react"
+import { TerminalProvider } from '@/context/TerminalContext';
 
 export const metadata: Metadata = {
   title: "Sandbox",
@@ -27,7 +28,9 @@ export default function RootLayout({
             forcedTheme="dark"
             disableTransitionOnChange
           >
+            <TerminalProvider>
             {children}
+            </TerminalProvider>
             <Analytics />
             <Toaster position="bottom-left" richColors />
           </ThemeProvider>

frontend/components/editor/index.tsx

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 import { SetStateAction, useCallback, useEffect, useRef, useState } from "react"
 import monaco from "monaco-editor"
 import Editor, { BeforeMount, OnMount } from "@monaco-editor/react"
-import { io } from "socket.io-client"
+import { Socket, io } from "socket.io-client"
 import { toast } from "sonner"
 import { useClerk } from "@clerk/nextjs"
 
@@ -41,12 +41,16 @@ export default function CodeEditor({
   sandboxData: Sandbox
   reactDefinitionFile: string
 }) {
-  const socket = io(
+  const socketRef = useRef<Socket | null>(null);
-    `http://localhost:${process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_SERVER_PORT}?userId=${userData.id}&sandboxId=${sandboxData.id}`,
+
-    {
+  // Initialize socket connection if it doesn't exist
-      timeout: 2000,
+  if (!socketRef.current) {
-    }
+    socketRef.current = io(
-  )
+      `${window.location.protocol}//${window.location.hostname}:${process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_SERVER_PORT}?userId=${userData.id}&sandboxId=${sandboxData.id}`,
+      {
+        timeout: 2000,
+      }
+    );}
 
   const [isPreviewCollapsed, setIsPreviewCollapsed] = useState(true)
   const [disableAccess, setDisableAccess] = useState({
@@ -90,6 +94,9 @@ export default function CodeEditor({
     }[]
   >([])
 
+  // Preview state
+  const [previewURL, setPreviewURL] = useState<string>("");
+
   const isOwner = sandboxData.userId === userData.id
   const clerk = useClerk()
 
@@ -298,9 +305,10 @@ export default function CodeEditor({
         )
       );
       console.log(`Saving file...${activeFileId}`);
-      socket.emit("saveFile", activeFileId, value);
+      console.log(`Saving file...${value}`);
+      socketRef.current?.emit("saveFile", activeFileId, value);
     }, Number(process.env.FILE_SAVE_DEBOUNCE_DELAY)||1000),
-    [socket]
+    [socketRef]
   );
 
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -317,57 +325,97 @@ export default function CodeEditor({
     };
   }, [activeFileId, tabs, debouncedSaveData]);
 
-  // Liveblocks live collaboration setup effect
+// Liveblocks live collaboration setup effect
+
+type ProviderData = {
+    provider: LiveblocksProvider<never, never, never, never>;
+    yDoc: Y.Doc;
+    yText: Y.Text;
+    binding?: MonacoBinding;
+    onSync: (isSynced: boolean) => void;
+  };
+  
+  const providersMap = useRef(new Map<string, ProviderData>());
+  
   useEffect(() => {
-    const tab = tabs.find((t) => t.id === activeFileId)
+    const tab = tabs.find((t) => t.id === activeFileId);
-    const model = editorRef?.getModel()
+    const model = editorRef?.getModel();
   
-    if (!editorRef || !tab || !model) return
+    if (!editorRef || !tab || !model) return;
   
-    const yDoc = new Y.Doc()
+    let providerData: ProviderData;
-    const yText = yDoc.getText(tab.id)
-    const yProvider: any = new LiveblocksProvider(room, yDoc)
   
-    const onSync = (isSynced: boolean) => {
+    if (!providersMap.current.has(tab.id)) {
-      if (isSynced) {
+      const yDoc = new Y.Doc();
-        const text = yText.toString()
+      const yText = yDoc.getText(tab.id);
-        if (text === "") {
+      const yProvider = new LiveblocksProvider(room, yDoc);
-          if (activeFileContent) {
+
-            yText.insert(0, activeFileContent)
+      const onSync = (isSynced: boolean) => {
-          } else {
+        if (isSynced) {
-            setTimeout(() => {
+          const text = yText.toString()
-              yText.insert(0, editorRef.getValue())
+          if (text === "") {
-            }, 0)
+            if (activeFileContent) {
+              yText.insert(0, activeFileContent)
+            } else {
+              setTimeout(() => {
+                yText.insert(0, editorRef.getValue())
+              }, 0)
+            }
           }
         }
       }
+
+      yProvider.on("sync", onSync);
+  
+      providerData = { provider: yProvider, yDoc, yText, onSync };
+      providersMap.current.set(tab.id, providerData);
+    } else {
+      providerData = providersMap.current.get(tab.id)!;
     }
     
-    yProvider.on("sync", onSync)
-
-    setProvider(yProvider)
-
     const binding = new MonacoBinding(
-      yText,
+      providerData.yText,
       model,
       new Set([editorRef]),
-      yProvider.awareness as Awareness
+      providerData.provider.awareness as unknown as Awareness
-    )
+    );
+  
+    providerData.binding = binding;
+  
+    setProvider(providerData.provider);
   
     return () => {
-      yDoc.destroy()
+      // Cleanup logic
-      yProvider.destroy()
+      if (binding) {
-      binding.destroy()
+        binding.destroy();
-      yProvider.off("sync", onSync)
+      }
-    }
+      if (providerData.binding) {
-  }, [editorRef, room, activeFileContent])
+        providerData.binding = undefined;
+      }
+    };
+  }, [editorRef, room, activeFileContent, activeFileId, tabs]);
+
+    // Added this effect to clean up when the component unmounts
+    useEffect(() => {
+      return () => {
+        // Clean up all providers when the component unmounts
+        providersMap.current.forEach((data) => {
+          if (data.binding) {
+            data.binding.destroy();
+          }
+          data.provider.disconnect();
+          data.yDoc.destroy();
+        });
+        providersMap.current.clear();
+      };
+    }, []);
 
   // Connection/disconnection effect
   useEffect(() => {
-    socket.connect()
+    socketRef.current?.connect()
     
     return () => {
-      socket.disconnect()
+      socketRef.current?.disconnect()
     }
   }, [])
 
@@ -383,7 +431,7 @@ export default function CodeEditor({
       setFiles(files)
     }
 
-    const onRateLimit = (message: string) => {
+    const onError = (message: string) => {
       toast.error(message)
     }
 
@@ -402,20 +450,22 @@ export default function CodeEditor({
         })
     }
 
-    socket.on("connect", onConnect)
+    socketRef.current?.on("connect", onConnect)
-    socket.on("disconnect", onDisconnect)
+    socketRef.current?.on("disconnect", onDisconnect)
-    socket.on("loaded", onLoadedEvent)
+    socketRef.current?.on("loaded", onLoadedEvent)
-    socket.on("rateLimit", onRateLimit)
+    socketRef.current?.on("error", onError)
-    socket.on("terminalResponse", onTerminalResponse)
+    socketRef.current?.on("terminalResponse", onTerminalResponse)
-    socket.on("disableAccess", onDisableAccess)
+    socketRef.current?.on("disableAccess", onDisableAccess)
+    socketRef.current?.on("previewURL", setPreviewURL)
 
     return () => {
-      socket.off("connect", onConnect)
+      socketRef.current?.off("connect", onConnect)
-      socket.off("disconnect", onDisconnect)
+      socketRef.current?.off("disconnect", onDisconnect)
-      socket.off("loaded", onLoadedEvent)
+      socketRef.current?.off("loaded", onLoadedEvent)
-      socket.off("rateLimit", onRateLimit)
+      socketRef.current?.off("error", onError)
-      socket.off("terminalResponse", onTerminalResponse)
+      socketRef.current?.off("terminalResponse", onTerminalResponse)
-      socket.off("disableAccess", onDisableAccess)
+      socketRef.current?.off("disableAccess", onDisableAccess)
+      socketRef.current?.off("previewURL", setPreviewURL)
     }
     // }, []);
   }, [terminals])
@@ -430,7 +480,7 @@ export default function CodeEditor({
   // Debounced function to get file content
   const debouncedGetFile = useCallback(
     debounce((tabId, callback) => {
-      socket.emit('getFile', tabId, callback);
+      socketRef.current?.emit('getFile', tabId, callback);
     }, 300), // 300ms debounce delay, adjust as needed
     []
   );
@@ -440,21 +490,26 @@ export default function CodeEditor({
 
     setGenerate((prev) => ({ ...prev, show: false }));
 
-    const exists = tabs.find((t) => t.id === tab.id);
+    //editor windows fix
-    setTabs((prev) => {
+    function updateTabs(){
-      if (exists) {
+      const exists = tabs.find((t) => t.id === tab.id);
-        setActiveFileId(exists.id);
+      setTabs((prev) => {
-        return prev;
+        if (exists) {
-      }
+          setActiveFileId(exists.id);
-      return [...prev, tab];
+          return prev;
-    });
+        }
+        return [...prev, tab];
+      });
+    }
     
     if (fileCache.current.has(tab.id)) {
       setActiveFileContent(fileCache.current.get(tab.id));
+      updateTabs();
     } else {
       debouncedGetFile(tab.id, (response: SetStateAction<string>) => {
         fileCache.current.set(tab.id, response);
         setActiveFileContent(response);
+        updateTabs();
       });
     }
 
@@ -534,7 +589,7 @@ export default function CodeEditor({
       return false
     }
 
-    socket.emit("renameFile", id, newName)
+    socketRef.current?.emit("renameFile", id, newName)
     setTabs((prev) =>
       prev.map((tab) => (tab.id === id ? { ...tab, name: newName } : tab))
     )
@@ -543,7 +598,7 @@ export default function CodeEditor({
   }
 
   const handleDeleteFile = (file: TFile) => {
-    socket.emit("deleteFile", file.id, (response: (TFolder | TFile)[]) => {
+    socketRef.current?.emit("deleteFile", file.id, (response: (TFolder | TFile)[]) => {
       setFiles(response)
     })
     closeTab(file.id)
@@ -553,11 +608,11 @@ export default function CodeEditor({
     setDeletingFolderId(folder.id)
     console.log("deleting folder", folder.id)
 
-    socket.emit("getFolder", folder.id, (response: string[]) =>
+    socketRef.current?.emit("getFolder", folder.id, (response: string[]) =>
       closeTabs(response)
     )
 
-    socket.emit("deleteFolder", folder.id, (response: (TFolder | TFile)[]) => {
+    socketRef.current?.emit("deleteFolder", folder.id, (response: (TFolder | TFile)[]) => {
       setFiles(response)
       setDeletingFolderId("")
     })
@@ -584,7 +639,7 @@ export default function CodeEditor({
         {generate.show && ai ? (
           <GenerateInput
             user={userData}
-            socket={socket}
+            socket={socketRef.current}
             width={generate.width - 90}
             data={{
               fileName: tabs.find((t) => t.id === activeFileId)?.name ?? "",
@@ -644,7 +699,7 @@ export default function CodeEditor({
         handleRename={handleRename}
         handleDeleteFile={handleDeleteFile}
         handleDeleteFolder={handleDeleteFolder}
-        socket={socket}
+        socket={socketRef.current}
         setFiles={setFiles}
         addNew={(name, type) => addNew(name, type, setFiles, sandboxData)}
         deletingFolderId={deletingFolderId}
@@ -764,6 +819,7 @@ export default function CodeEditor({
                   previewPanelRef.current?.expand()
                   setIsPreviewCollapsed(false)
                 }}
+                src={previewURL}
               />
             </ResizablePanel>
             <ResizableHandle />
@@ -773,11 +829,7 @@ export default function CodeEditor({
               className="p-2 flex flex-col"
             >
               {isOwner ? (
-                <Terminals
+                <Terminals/>
-                  terminals={terminals}
-                  setTerminals={setTerminals}
-                  socket={socket}
-                />
               ) : (
                 <div className="w-full h-full flex items-center justify-center text-lg font-medium text-muted-foreground/50 select-none">
                   <TerminalSquare className="w-4 h-4 mr-2" />

frontend/components/editor/navbar/index.tsx

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 import Image from "next/image";
 import Logo from "@/assets/logo.svg";
-import { Pencil, Users } from "lucide-react";
+import { Pencil, Users, Play, StopCircle } from "lucide-react";
 import Link from "next/link";
 import { Sandbox, User } from "@/lib/types";
 import UserButton from "@/components/ui/userButton";
@@ -11,23 +11,30 @@ import { useState } from "react";
 import EditSandboxModal from "./edit";
 import ShareSandboxModal from "./share";
 import { Avatars } from "../live/avatars";
+import RunButtonModal from "./run";
+import { Terminal } from "@xterm/xterm";
+import { Socket } from "socket.io-client";
+import Terminals from "../terminals";
 
 export default function Navbar({
   userData,
   sandboxData,
   shared,
+  socket,
 }: {
   userData: User;
   sandboxData: Sandbox;
-  shared: {
+  shared: { id: string; name: string }[];
-    id: string;
+  socket: Socket;
-    name: string;
-  }[];
 }) {
   const [isEditOpen, setIsEditOpen] = useState(false);
   const [isShareOpen, setIsShareOpen] = useState(false);
+  const [isRunning, setIsRunning] = useState(false);
+  const [terminals, setTerminals] = useState<{ id: string; terminal: Terminal | null }[]>([]);
+  const [activeTerminalId, setActiveTerminalId] = useState("");
+  const [creatingTerminal, setCreatingTerminal] = useState(false);
 
-  const isOwner = sandboxData.userId === userData.id;
+  const isOwner = sandboxData.userId === userData.id;;
 
   return (
     <>
@@ -62,6 +69,10 @@ export default function Navbar({
             ) : null}
           </div>
         </div>
+        <RunButtonModal
+          isRunning={isRunning}
+          setIsRunning={setIsRunning}
+        />
         <div className="flex items-center h-full space-x-4">
           <Avatars />
 

frontend/components/editor/navbar/run.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+"use client";
+
+import { Play, StopCircle } from "lucide-react";
+import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button";
+import { useTerminal } from "@/context/TerminalContext";
+import { closeTerminal } from "@/lib/terminal";
+
+export default function RunButtonModal({
+  isRunning,
+  setIsRunning,
+}: {
+  isRunning: boolean;
+  setIsRunning: (running: boolean) => void;
+}) {
+  const { createNewTerminal, terminals, setTerminals, socket, setActiveTerminalId } = useTerminal();
+
+  const handleRun = () => {
+    if (isRunning) {
+      console.log('Stopping sandbox...');
+      console.log('Closing Terminal');
+      console.log('Closing Preview Window');
+
+      // Close all terminals if needed
+      terminals.forEach(term => {
+        if (term.terminal) {
+          // Assuming you have a closeTerminal function similar to createTerminal
+          closeTerminal({
+            term,
+            terminals,
+            setTerminals,
+            setActiveTerminalId,
+            setClosingTerminal: () => { },
+            socket: socket!,
+            activeTerminalId: term.id,
+          });
+        }
+      });
+    } else {
+      console.log('Running sandbox...');
+      console.log('Opening Terminal');
+      console.log('Opening Preview Window');
+
+      if (terminals.length < 4) {
+        createNewTerminal();
+      } else {
+        console.error('Maximum number of terminals reached.');
+      }
+    }
+    setIsRunning(!isRunning);
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <>
+      <Button variant="outline" onClick={handleRun}>
+        {isRunning ? <StopCircle className="w-4 h-4 mr-2" /> : <Play className="w-4 h-4 mr-2" />}
+        {isRunning ? 'Stop' : 'Run'}
+      </Button>
+    </>
+  );
+}

frontend/components/editor/preview/index.tsx

@@ -15,9 +15,11 @@ import { toast } from "sonner"
 export default function PreviewWindow({
   collapsed,
   open,
+  src
 }: {
   collapsed: boolean
   open: () => void
+  src: string
 }) {
   const ref = useRef<HTMLIFrameElement>(null)
   const [iframeKey, setIframeKey] = useState(0)
@@ -45,7 +47,7 @@ export default function PreviewWindow({
 
                 <PreviewButton
                   onClick={() => {
-                    navigator.clipboard.writeText(`http://localhost:5173`)
+                    navigator.clipboard.writeText(src)
                     toast.info("Copied preview link to clipboard")
                   }}
                 >
@@ -73,7 +75,7 @@ export default function PreviewWindow({
             ref={ref}
             width={"100%"}
             height={"100%"}
-            src={`http://localhost:5173`}
+            src={src}
           />
         </div>
       )}

frontend/components/editor/terminals/index.tsx

@@ -2,30 +2,16 @@
 
 import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button";
 import Tab from "@/components/ui/tab";
-import { closeTerminal, createTerminal } from "@/lib/terminal";
+import { closeTerminal } from "@/lib/terminal";
 import { Terminal } from "@xterm/xterm";
 import { Loader2, Plus, SquareTerminal, TerminalSquare } from "lucide-react";
-import { Socket } from "socket.io-client";
 import { toast } from "sonner";
 import EditorTerminal from "./terminal";
 import { useState } from "react";
+import { useTerminal } from "@/context/TerminalContext";
 
-export default function Terminals({
+export default function Terminals() {
-  terminals,
+  const { terminals, setTerminals, socket, createNewTerminal } = useTerminal();
-  setTerminals,
-  socket,
-}: {
-  terminals: { id: string; terminal: Terminal | null }[];
-  setTerminals: React.Dispatch<
-    React.SetStateAction<
-      {
-        id: string;
-        terminal: Terminal | null;
-      }[]
-    >
-  >;
-  socket: Socket;
-}) {
   const [activeTerminalId, setActiveTerminalId] = useState("");
   const [creatingTerminal, setCreatingTerminal] = useState(false);
   const [closingTerminal, setClosingTerminal] = useState("");
@@ -46,7 +32,7 @@ export default function Terminals({
                 setTerminals,
                 setActiveTerminalId,
                 setClosingTerminal,
-                socket,
+                socket: socket!, 
                 activeTerminalId,
               })
             }
@@ -64,12 +50,7 @@ export default function Terminals({
               toast.error("You reached the maximum # of terminals.");
               return;
             }
-            createTerminal({
+            createNewTerminal();
-              setTerminals,
-              setActiveTerminalId,
-              setCreatingTerminal,
-              socket,
-            });
           }}
           size="smIcon"
           variant={"secondary"}

frontend/context/TerminalContext.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+"use client";
+
+import React, { createContext, useContext, useState, useEffect } from 'react';
+import { io, Socket } from 'socket.io-client';
+import { Terminal } from '@xterm/xterm';
+import { createId } from '@paralleldrive/cuid2';
+import { createTerminal as createTerminalHelper, closeTerminal as closeTerminalHelper } from '@/lib/terminal'; // Adjust the import path as necessary
+
+interface TerminalContextType {
+  socket: Socket | null;
+  terminals: { id: string; terminal: Terminal | null }[];
+  setTerminals: React.Dispatch<React.SetStateAction<{ id: string; terminal: Terminal | null }[]>>;
+  activeTerminalId: string;
+  setActiveTerminalId: React.Dispatch<React.SetStateAction<string>>;
+  creatingTerminal: boolean;
+  setCreatingTerminal: React.Dispatch<React.SetStateAction<boolean>>;
+  createNewTerminal: () => void;
+  closeTerminal: (id: string) => void;
+}
+
+const TerminalContext = createContext<TerminalContextType | undefined>(undefined);
+
+export const TerminalProvider: React.FC<{ children: React.ReactNode }> = ({ children }) => {
+  const [socket, setSocket] = useState<Socket | null>(null);
+  const [terminals, setTerminals] = useState<{ id: string; terminal: Terminal | null }[]>([]);
+  const [activeTerminalId, setActiveTerminalId] = useState<string>('');
+  const [creatingTerminal, setCreatingTerminal] = useState<boolean>(false);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    // Replace with your server URL
+    const socketIo = io(process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_API_URL || 'http://localhost:3001'); 
+    setSocket(socketIo);
+
+    // Log socket events
+    socketIo.on('connect', () => {
+      console.log('Socket connected:', socketIo.id);
+    });
+
+    socketIo.on('disconnect', () => {
+      console.log('Socket disconnected');
+    });
+
+    return () => {
+      socketIo.disconnect();
+    };
+  }, []);
+
+  const createNewTerminal = () => {
+    if (socket) {
+      createTerminalHelper({
+        setTerminals,
+        setActiveTerminalId,
+        setCreatingTerminal,
+        socket,
+      });
+    }
+  };
+
+  const closeTerminal = (id: string) => {
+    const terminalToClose = terminals.find(term => term.id === id);
+    if (terminalToClose && socket) {
+      closeTerminalHelper({
+        term: terminalToClose,
+        terminals,
+        setTerminals,
+        setActiveTerminalId,
+        setClosingTerminal: () => {}, // Implement if needed
+        socket,
+        activeTerminalId,
+      });
+    }
+  };
+
+  const value = {
+    socket,
+    terminals,
+    setTerminals,
+    activeTerminalId,
+    setActiveTerminalId,
+    creatingTerminal,
+    setCreatingTerminal,
+    createNewTerminal,
+    closeTerminal,
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <TerminalContext.Provider value={value}>
+      {children}
+    </TerminalContext.Provider>
+  );
+};
+
+export const useTerminal = (): TerminalContextType => {
+  const context = useContext(TerminalContext);
+  if (!context) {
+    throw new Error('useTerminal must be used within a TerminalProvider');
+  }
+  return context;
+};