/* BARE_OS_BIN_API 1.0.0 — bump when staged /bin script semantics change (see developer guide). */
/** Shared helpers for drive-resident /bin scripts (prepended before each command). */
function bareStdin(ctx) {
  return typeof ctx.shellStdin === 'string' ? ctx.shellStdin : ''
}

/** @param {number} mode @param {'file' | 'directory' | 'symlink'} type */
function bareFormatModeString(mode, type) {
  const typeChar = type === 'directory' ? 'd' : type === 'symlink' ? 'l' : '-'
  const perm = mode & 0o777
  const r = (bit) => (perm & bit ? 'r' : '-')
  const w = (bit) => (perm & bit ? 'w' : '-')
  const x = (bit) => (perm & bit ? 'x' : '-')
  return (
    typeChar +
    r(0o400) +
    w(0o200) +
    x(0o100) +
    r(0o040) +
    w(0o020) +
    x(0o010) +
    r(0o004) +
    w(0o002) +
    x(0o001)
  )
}

/** @param {number} mtimeMs @param {number} [nowMs] */
function bareFormatLsMtime(mtimeMs, nowMs) {
  const now = nowMs != null ? nowMs : Date.now()
  const d = new Date(mtimeMs)
  const months = [
    'Jan',
    'Feb',
    'Mar',
    'Apr',
    'May',
    'Jun',
    'Jul',
    'Aug',
    'Sep',
    'Oct',
    'Nov',
    'Dec'
  ]
  const mon = months[d.getMonth()]
  const day = String(d.getDate()).padStart(2, ' ')
  const sixMo = 180 * 24 * 3600 * 1000
  if (Math.abs(now - mtimeMs) > sixMo) {
    const yr = String(d.getFullYear()).padStart(4, ' ')
    return mon + ' ' + day + '  ' + yr
  }
  const hh = String(d.getHours()).padStart(2, '0')
  const mm = String(d.getMinutes()).padStart(2, '0')
  return mon + ' ' + day + ' ' + hh + ':' + mm
}

/** @param {number} size */
function barePosixBlocks(size) {
  return Math.ceil(Number(size) / 512) || 0
}

/**
 * Raw stdout for NUL/binary when **`process.stdout.write`** is missing.
 * If **`ctx.bareOsBinWrite(Uint8Array|string)`** is set (tests / host), use it.
 * @param {Record<string, unknown>} ctx
 * @param {string | Uint8Array} chunk
 * @returns {boolean}
 */
function bareOsEmitRaw(ctx, chunk) {
  if (typeof ctx.bareOsBinWrite === 'function') {
    const b4 = ctx.b4a
    const u8 =
      typeof chunk === 'string'
        ? b4 && typeof b4.from === 'function'
          ? b4.from(chunk)
          : new TextEncoder().encode(chunk)
        : chunk
    ctx.bareOsBinWrite(u8 instanceof Uint8Array ? u8 : new Uint8Array(u8))
    return true
  }
  const w = globalThis.process?.stdout?.write
  if (typeof w === 'function') {
    w.call(globalThis.process.stdout, chunk)
    return true
  }
  return false
}

/** Session env map (`vfs.env`, then `ctx.env`). Never throws. */
function bareOsEnv(ctx) {
  const v = ctx && ctx.vfs && ctx.vfs.env
  if (v && typeof v === 'object') return v
  const e = ctx && ctx.env
  if (e && typeof e === 'object') return e
  return {}
}

/**
 * Strict POSIX-ish decimal integer (no octal, no exponent, no empty).
 * @param {unknown} s
 * @returns {number}
 */
function bareOsParseDecInt(s) {
  const t = String(s == null ? '' : s).trim()
  if (!/^[+-]?(?:0|[1-9][0-9]*)$/.test(t)) return NaN
  const n = Number.parseInt(t, 10)
  return Number.isSafeInteger(n) ? n : NaN
}

/** @param {unknown} s */
function bareOsParseNonNegInt(s) {
  const n = bareOsParseDecInt(s)
  return n >= 0 ? n : NaN
}

/**
 * @param {Record<string, unknown>} ctx
 * @param {string} name
 * @param {number} fallback
 * @param {number} [min]
 * @param {number} [max]
 */
function bareOsEnvInt(ctx, name, fallback, min, max) {
  const raw = bareOsEnv(ctx)[name]
  if (raw == null || raw === '') return fallback
  const n = Number.parseInt(String(raw), 10)
  if (!Number.isFinite(n)) return fallback
  let v = n
  if (min != null && v < min) v = min
  if (max != null && v > max) v = max
  return v
}

/**
 * @param {Record<string, unknown>} ctx
 * @param {string} msg
 * @param {number} [code]
 */
function bareOsFail(ctx, msg, code) {
  if (msg) ctx.console.error(msg)
  ctx.exitCode = code == null ? 1 : code
}

/** @param {unknown} e */
function bareOsIsNotFoundErr(e) {
  const code = e && typeof e === 'object' ? e.code : ''
  if (code === 'ENOENT') return true
  const msg = String((e && e.message) || e || '')
  return /ENOENT|No such file|not found/i.test(msg)
}

/**
 * @param {Record<string, unknown>} ctx
 * @param {unknown} buf
 * @returns {Uint8Array}
 */
function bareOsToU8(ctx, buf) {
  if (!buf) return new Uint8Array(0)
  if (buf instanceof Uint8Array) return buf
  if (ctx && ctx.b4a && typeof ctx.b4a.from === 'function') return ctx.b4a.from(buf)
  return new Uint8Array(buf)
}

/** @param {string} dir @param {string} name */
function bareOsJoinPath(dir, name) {
  const d = String(dir || '').replace(/\/+$/, '')
  const n = String(name || '').replace(/^\/+/, '')
  if (!d || d === '/') return '/' + n
  return d + '/' + n
}

/** @param {string} p */
function bareOsBaseName(p) {
  const t = String(p || '').replace(/\/+$/, '')
  if (!t || t === '/') return t === '/' ? '/' : ''
  const i = t.lastIndexOf('/')
  return i < 0 ? t : t.slice(i + 1) || t
}

/** @param {string} p */
function bareOsParentDir(p) {
  const t = String(p || '').replace(/\/+$/, '') || '/'
  if (t === '/') return '/'
  const i = t.lastIndexOf('/')
  return i <= 0 ? '/' : t.slice(0, i) || '/'
}

/** @param {string} p */
function bareOsNormPath(p) {
  return String(p || '').replace(/\/+$/, '') || '/'
}

/**
 * @param {Record<string, unknown>} ctx
 * @param {string} p
 */
function bareOsResolvePath(ctx, p) {
  if (ctx && ctx.vfs && typeof ctx.vfs.resolveLogical === 'function') {
    try {
      return String(ctx.vfs.resolveLogical(p) || p)
    } catch {
      /* fall through */
    }
  }
  return String(p || '')
}

/**
 * True when dest is src or lives under src (self-copy / self-move).
 * @param {Record<string, unknown>} ctx
 * @param {string} src
 * @param {string} dest
 */
function bareOsDestInsideSrc(ctx, src, dest) {
  const s = bareOsNormPath(bareOsResolvePath(ctx, src))
  const d = bareOsNormPath(bareOsResolvePath(ctx, dest))
  if (s === d) return true
  if (s === '/') return d !== '/'
  return d === s || d.startsWith(s + '/')
}

const BARE_OS_B64_ALPH =
  'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/'

/** @param {Uint8Array} u8 */
function bareOsB64Encode(u8) {
  let out = ''
  let i = 0
  for (; i + 2 < u8.length; i += 3) {
    const n = (u8[i] << 16) | (u8[i + 1] << 8) | u8[i + 2]
    out +=
      BARE_OS_B64_ALPH[(n >> 18) & 63] +
      BARE_OS_B64_ALPH[(n >> 12) & 63] +
      BARE_OS_B64_ALPH[(n >> 6) & 63] +
      BARE_OS_B64_ALPH[n & 63]
  }
  const rest = u8.length - i
  if (rest === 1) {
    const n = u8[i] << 16
    out += BARE_OS_B64_ALPH[(n >> 18) & 63] + BARE_OS_B64_ALPH[(n >> 12) & 63] + '=='
  } else if (rest === 2) {
    const n = (u8[i] << 16) | (u8[i + 1] << 8)
    out +=
      BARE_OS_B64_ALPH[(n >> 18) & 63] +
      BARE_OS_B64_ALPH[(n >> 12) & 63] +
      BARE_OS_B64_ALPH[(n >> 6) & 63] +
      '='
  }
  return out
}

/**
 * RFC 4648 Base64 decode (also accepts URL-safe alphabet). Rejects junk.
 * @param {string} s
 * @returns {Uint8Array}
 */
function bareOsB64Decode(s) {
  const t = String(s).replace(/\s+/g, '')
  if (!t) return new Uint8Array(0)
  if (t.length % 4 === 1) throw new Error('invalid base64 length')
  let pad = 0
  if (t.endsWith('==')) pad = 2
  else if (t.endsWith('=')) pad = 1
  const body = pad ? t.slice(0, t.length - pad) : t
  const bytes = []
  let buf = 0
  let bits = 0
  for (let i = 0; i < body.length; i++) {
    const c = body[i]
    let v = BARE_OS_B64_ALPH.indexOf(c)
    if (v < 0) {
      if (c === '-') v = 62
      else if (c === '_') v = 63
      else throw new Error('invalid base64 character')
    }
    buf = (buf << 6) | v
    bits += 6
    if (bits >= 8) {
      bits -= 8
      bytes.push((buf >> bits) & 255)
    }
  }
  if (pad) {
    const want = Math.floor((body.length * 6) / 8)
    if (bytes.length > want) bytes.length = want
  }
  return new Uint8Array(bytes)
}

/**
 * @param {string} s
 * @returns {Uint8Array}
 */
function bareOsHexDecode(s) {
  const t = String(s).replace(/\s+/g, '')
  if (t.length % 2 !== 0) throw new Error('odd hex length')
  const out = new Uint8Array(t.length / 2)
  for (let i = 0; i < out.length; i++) {
    const pair = t.slice(i * 2, i * 2 + 2)
    if (!/^[0-9a-fA-F]{2}$/.test(pair)) throw new Error('invalid hex')
    out[i] = Number.parseInt(pair, 16)
  }
  return out
}

/** @param {Uint8Array} u8 */
function bareOsHexEncode(u8) {
  let s = ''
  for (let i = 0; i < u8.length; i++) s += u8[i].toString(16).padStart(2, '0')
  return s
}

/**
 * Parse leading NAME=value assignments; first non-assignment starts the utility argv.
 * @param {string[]} rest
 * @returns {{ assigns: Record<string, string>, utility: string[] }}
 */
function parseEnvLeadingAssigns(rest) {
  const assigns = {}
  let i = 0
  for (; i < rest.length; i++) {
    const a = rest[i]
    const eq = a.indexOf('=')
    if (eq <= 0) break
    const name = a.slice(0, eq)
    if (!/^[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*$/.test(name)) break
    assigns[name] = a.slice(eq + 1)
  }
  return { assigns, utility: rest.slice(i) }
}

/**
 * GNU-like splitting for `env -S` (bounded).
 * @param {string} s
 * @returns {string[] | null}
 */
function splitEnvDashS(s) {
  const maxStr = 4096
  const maxArgs = 64
  if (typeof s !== 'string' || s.length > maxStr) return null
  /** @type {string[]} */
  const out = []
  let i = 0
  while (i < s.length) {
    while (i < s.length && /\s/.test(s[i])) i++
    if (i >= s.length) break
    if (out.length >= maxArgs) return null
    /** @type {string} */
    let arg = ''
    const q = s[i]
    if (q === "'" || q === '"') {
      i++
      while (i < s.length && s[i] !== q) {
        if (q === '"' && s[i] === '\\' && i + 1 < s.length) {
          arg += s[i + 1]
          i += 2
          continue
        }
        arg += s[i++]
      }
      if (s[i] !== q) return null
      i++
    } else {
      while (i < s.length && !/\s/.test(s[i])) arg += s[i++]
    }
    out.push(arg)
  }
  return out
}

/**
 * Subset: KEY=VAL lines, # comments, optional leading `export `.
 * @param {string} text
 * @returns {Record<string, string>}
 */
function parseEnvFileSubset(text) {
  /** @type {Record<string, string>} */
  const out = {}
  let lines = 0
  const maxLines = 512
  for (const raw of text.split(/\r?\n/)) {
    if (lines++ > maxLines) break
    const line = raw.trim()
    if (!line || line.startsWith('#')) continue
    let t = line
    if (/^export\s+/i.test(t)) t = t.replace(/^export\s+/i, '')
    const eq = t.indexOf('=')
    if (eq <= 0) continue
    const name = t.slice(0, eq).trim()
    if (!/^[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*$/.test(name)) continue
    let val = t.slice(eq + 1)
    if (
      (val.startsWith('"') && val.endsWith('"')) ||
      (val.startsWith("'") && val.endsWith("'"))
    ) {
      val = val.slice(1, -1)
    }
    if (val.length > 8192) val = val.slice(0, 8192)
    out[name] = val
  }
  return out
}

/**
 * @param {Record<string, unknown>} ctx
 * @param {string} path
 * @returns {Promise<Record<string, string>>}
 */
async function readEnvFileIntoAssigns(ctx, path) {
  const vfs = ctx.vfs
  if (!vfs || typeof vfs.readFile !== 'function') {
    throw new Error('vfs.readFile unavailable')
  }
  const buf = await vfs.readFile(path)
  if (!buf) throw new Error(path + ': No such file')
  const text = ctx.b4a.toString(buf)
  return parseEnvFileSubset(text)
}

async function run(ctx, argv) {
  const dashSOn =
    ctx.vfs?.env?.BARE_OS_ENV_DASH_S === '1' ||
    ctx.vfs?.env?.BARE_OS_ENV_DASH_S === 'true'
  let ignore = false
  let i = 1
  /** @type {string[]} */
  const splitPrefix = []
  /** @type {Record<string, string>} */
  const fileAssigns = {}

  for (; i < argv.length; i++) {
    const a = argv[i]
    if (a === '--') {
      i++
      break
    }
    if (a === '-i' || a === '--ignore-environment') {
      ignore = true
      continue
    }
    if (dashSOn && a === '-S') {
      const next = argv[i + 1]
      if (next == null) {
        ctx.console.error('env: option requires an argument -- S')
        ctx.exitCode = 1
        return
      }
      const parts = splitEnvDashS(String(next))
      if (!parts) {
        ctx.console.error('env: invalid -S string')
        ctx.exitCode = 1
        return
      }
      splitPrefix.push(...parts)
      i++
      continue
    }
    if (dashSOn && a.startsWith('-S=')) {
      const parts = splitEnvDashS(a.slice(3))
      if (!parts) {
        ctx.console.error('env: invalid -S string')
        ctx.exitCode = 1
        return
      }
      splitPrefix.push(...parts)
      continue
    }
    if (dashSOn && a === '--split-string') {
      const next = argv[i + 1]
      if (next == null) {
        ctx.console.error('env: option requires an argument -- split-string')
        ctx.exitCode = 1
        return
      }
      const parts = splitEnvDashS(String(next))
      if (!parts) {
        ctx.console.error('env: invalid --split-string')
        ctx.exitCode = 1
        return
      }
      splitPrefix.push(...parts)
      i++
      continue
    }
    if (dashSOn && a.startsWith('--split-string=')) {
      const parts = splitEnvDashS(a.slice('--split-string='.length))
      if (!parts) {
        ctx.console.error('env: invalid --split-string')
        ctx.exitCode = 1
        return
      }
      splitPrefix.push(...parts)
      continue
    }
    if (dashSOn && a === '--env-file') {
      const next = argv[i + 1]
      if (next == null) {
        ctx.console.error('env: option requires an argument -- env-file')
        ctx.exitCode = 1
        return
      }
      try {
        Object.assign(fileAssigns, await readEnvFileIntoAssigns(ctx, String(next)))
      } catch (e) {
        ctx.console.error('env: ' + ((e && e.message) || e))
        ctx.exitCode = 1
        return
      }
      i++
      continue
    }
    if (dashSOn && a.startsWith('--env-file=')) {
      const p = a.slice('--env-file='.length)
      try {
        Object.assign(fileAssigns, await readEnvFileIntoAssigns(ctx, p))
      } catch (e) {
        ctx.console.error('env: ' + ((e && e.message) || e))
        ctx.exitCode = 1
        return
      }
      continue
    }
    if (a.startsWith('-')) {
      ctx.console.error('env: unsupported option ' + a)
      ctx.exitCode = 1
      return
    }
    break
  }
  const rest = argv.slice(i)
  const mergedRest = [...splitPrefix, ...rest]
  const { assigns, utility } = parseEnvLeadingAssigns(mergedRest)
  const base = ignore ? {} : { ...ctx.vfs.env }
  const newEnv = Object.assign(base, fileAssigns, assigns)

  if (!utility.length) {
    for (const k of Object.keys(newEnv).sort()) {
      ctx.console.log(k + '=' + (newEnv[k] ?? ''))
    }
    return
  }

  if (typeof ctx.runBinCommand !== 'function') {
    ctx.console.error(
      'env: ctx.runBinCommand is not available (requires a Bare OS booter session)'
    )
    ctx.exitCode = 1
    return
  }

  const oldEnv = ctx.vfs.env
  ctx.vfs.env = newEnv
  if (ctx.env && typeof ctx.env === 'object') ctx.env = newEnv
  try {
    ctx.exitCode = 0
    await ctx.runBinCommand(utility)
  } catch (e) {
    ctx.console.error('env: ' + ((e && e.message) || e))
    if (!ctx.exitCode) ctx.exitCode = 1
  } finally {
    ctx.vfs.env = oldEnv
    if (ctx.env && typeof ctx.env === 'object') ctx.env = oldEnv
  }
}