/* BARE_OS_BIN_API 1.0.0 — bump when staged /bin script semantics change (see developer guide). */
/** Shared helpers for drive-resident /bin scripts (prepended before each command). */
function bareStdin(ctx) {
  return typeof ctx.shellStdin === 'string' ? ctx.shellStdin : ''
}

/** @param {number} mode @param {'file' | 'directory' | 'symlink'} type */
function bareFormatModeString(mode, type) {
  const typeChar = type === 'directory' ? 'd' : type === 'symlink' ? 'l' : '-'
  const perm = mode & 0o777
  const r = (bit) => (perm & bit ? 'r' : '-')
  const w = (bit) => (perm & bit ? 'w' : '-')
  const x = (bit) => (perm & bit ? 'x' : '-')
  return (
    typeChar +
    r(0o400) +
    w(0o200) +
    x(0o100) +
    r(0o040) +
    w(0o020) +
    x(0o010) +
    r(0o004) +
    w(0o002) +
    x(0o001)
  )
}

/** @param {number} mtimeMs @param {number} [nowMs] */
function bareFormatLsMtime(mtimeMs, nowMs) {
  const now = nowMs != null ? nowMs : Date.now()
  const d = new Date(mtimeMs)
  const months = [
    'Jan',
    'Feb',
    'Mar',
    'Apr',
    'May',
    'Jun',
    'Jul',
    'Aug',
    'Sep',
    'Oct',
    'Nov',
    'Dec'
  ]
  const mon = months[d.getMonth()]
  const day = String(d.getDate()).padStart(2, ' ')
  const sixMo = 180 * 24 * 3600 * 1000
  if (Math.abs(now - mtimeMs) > sixMo) {
    const yr = String(d.getFullYear()).padStart(4, ' ')
    return mon + ' ' + day + '  ' + yr
  }
  const hh = String(d.getHours()).padStart(2, '0')
  const mm = String(d.getMinutes()).padStart(2, '0')
  return mon + ' ' + day + ' ' + hh + ':' + mm
}

/** @param {number} size */
function barePosixBlocks(size) {
  return Math.ceil(Number(size) / 512) || 0
}

/**
 * Raw stdout for NUL/binary when **`process.stdout.write`** is missing.
 * If **`ctx.bareOsBinWrite(Uint8Array|string)`** is set (tests / host), use it.
 * @param {Record<string, unknown>} ctx
 * @param {string | Uint8Array} chunk
 * @returns {boolean}
 */
function bareOsEmitRaw(ctx, chunk) {
  if (typeof ctx.bareOsBinWrite === 'function') {
    const b4 = ctx.b4a
    const u8 =
      typeof chunk === 'string'
        ? b4 && typeof b4.from === 'function'
          ? b4.from(chunk)
          : new TextEncoder().encode(chunk)
        : chunk
    ctx.bareOsBinWrite(u8 instanceof Uint8Array ? u8 : new Uint8Array(u8))
    return true
  }
  const w = globalThis.process?.stdout?.write
  if (typeof w === 'function') {
    w.call(globalThis.process.stdout, chunk)
    return true
  }
  return false
}

/**
 * Subset of POSIX/GNU grep behavior using JavaScript RegExp / string search.
 * Not bit-identical to GNU grep (no PCRE, different escaping, UTF-16 strings).
 */
async function run(ctx, argv) {
  const vfs = ctx.vfs
  const patterns = []
  const patternFiles = []
  let fixed = false
  let icase = false
  let invert = false
  let numbers = false
  let countOnly = false
  let listFiles = false
  let quiet = false
  let suppressErrors = false
  let forceFilename = false
  let noFilename = false
  let word = false
  let fullLine = false
  let onlyMatching = false
  /** @type {number} */
  let maxMatchLines = Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY
  let afterCtx = 0
  let beforeCtx = 0
  /** @type {'never' | 'always' | 'auto'} */
  let colorMode = 'never'
  let recursive = false
  /** @type {string[]} */
  const includeGlobs = []
  /** @type {string[]} */
  const excludeGlobs = []
  /** @type {string[]} */
  const excludeDirGlobs = []

  const args = argv.slice(1)
  let i = 0

  function usage() {
    ctx.console.error(
      'usage: grep [-E|-F] [-r] [-i] [-v] [-w] [-x] [-n] [-c] [-l] [-o] [-m NUM] [-A|-B|-C N] [--color=never|always|auto] [-q] [-s] [-H|-h] [-e pat] ... [-f file] ... [pattern] [file...]'
    )
    ctx.exitCode = 2
  }

  while (i < args.length) {
    const a = args[i]
    if (a === '--') {
      i++
      break
    }
    if (a === '-' || !a.startsWith('-')) break

    if (a.startsWith('--')) {
      if (a === '--color' || a.startsWith('--color=')) {
        const v =
          a === '--color'
            ? args[++i] || 'auto'
            : a.slice('--color='.length) || 'auto'
        if (v === 'never' || v === 'always' || v === 'auto') colorMode = v
        else {
          ctx.console.error('grep: invalid --color value')
          ctx.exitCode = 2
          return
        }
        i++
        continue
      }
      if (a === '--after-context' || a.startsWith('--after-context=')) {
        const raw =
          a === '--after-context'
            ? args[++i]
            : a.slice('--after-context='.length)
        const n = Number.parseInt(raw, 10)
        if (!Number.isFinite(n) || n < 0) {
          usage()
          return
        }
        afterCtx = n
        i++
        continue
      }
      if (a === '--before-context' || a.startsWith('--before-context=')) {
        const raw =
          a === '--before-context'
            ? args[++i]
            : a.slice('--before-context='.length)
        const n = Number.parseInt(raw, 10)
        if (!Number.isFinite(n) || n < 0) {
          usage()
          return
        }
        beforeCtx = n
        i++
        continue
      }
      if (a === '--recursive') {
        recursive = true
        i++
        continue
      }
      if (a === '--include' && args[i + 1]) {
        includeGlobs.push(args[++i])
        i++
        continue
      }
      if (a.startsWith('--include=')) {
        includeGlobs.push(a.slice('--include='.length))
        i++
        continue
      }
      if (a === '--exclude' && args[i + 1]) {
        excludeGlobs.push(args[++i])
        i++
        continue
      }
      if (a.startsWith('--exclude=')) {
        excludeGlobs.push(a.slice('--exclude='.length))
        i++
        continue
      }
      if (a === '--exclude-dir' && args[i + 1]) {
        excludeDirGlobs.push(args[++i])
        i++
        continue
      }
      if (a.startsWith('--exclude-dir=')) {
        excludeDirGlobs.push(a.slice('--exclude-dir='.length))
        i++
        continue
      }
      ctx.console.error('grep: unknown option ' + a)
      ctx.exitCode = 2
      return
    }

    if (a === '-A' || /^-A\d+$/.test(a)) {
      const n = a === '-A' ? Number.parseInt(args[++i], 10) : Number.parseInt(a.slice(2), 10)
      if (!Number.isFinite(n) || n < 0) {
        usage()
        return
      }
      afterCtx = n
      i++
      continue
    }
    if (a === '-B' || /^-B\d+$/.test(a)) {
      const n = a === '-B' ? Number.parseInt(args[++i], 10) : Number.parseInt(a.slice(2), 10)
      if (!Number.isFinite(n) || n < 0) {
        usage()
        return
      }
      beforeCtx = n
      i++
      continue
    }
    if (a === '-C' || /^-C\d+$/.test(a)) {
      const n = a === '-C' ? Number.parseInt(args[++i], 10) : Number.parseInt(a.slice(2), 10)
      if (!Number.isFinite(n) || n < 0) {
        usage()
        return
      }
      beforeCtx = afterCtx = n
      i++
      continue
    }

    if (a === '-m') {
      if (i + 1 >= args.length) {
        usage()
        return
      }
      const n = Number.parseInt(args[++i], 10)
      if (!Number.isFinite(n) || n < 0) {
        ctx.console.error('grep: invalid -m value')
        ctx.exitCode = 2
        return
      }
      maxMatchLines = n === 0 ? Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY : n
      i++
      continue
    }
    if (/^-m\d+$/.test(a)) {
      const n = Number.parseInt(a.slice(2), 10)
      if (!Number.isFinite(n) || n < 0) {
        ctx.console.error('grep: invalid -m value')
        ctx.exitCode = 2
        return
      }
      maxMatchLines = n === 0 ? Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY : n
      i++
      continue
    }

    if (a === '-e') {
      if (i + 1 >= args.length) {
        usage()
        return
      }
      patterns.push(args[++i])
      i++
      continue
    }
    if (a.startsWith('-e') && a.length > 2) {
      patterns.push(a.slice(2))
      i++
      continue
    }
    if (a === '-f') {
      if (i + 1 >= args.length) {
        usage()
        return
      }
      patternFiles.push(args[++i])
      i++
      continue
    }
    if (a.startsWith('-f') && a.length > 2) {
      patternFiles.push(a.slice(2))
      i++
      continue
    }

    const rest = a.slice(1)
    for (let j = 0; j < rest.length; j++) {
      const c = rest[j]
      switch (c) {
        case 'E':
          /* Accepted for GNU compatibility; patterns use JS RegExp (ERE-like). */
          break
        case 'F':
          fixed = true
          break
        case 'i':
          icase = true
          break
        case 'v':
          invert = true
          break
        case 'n':
          numbers = true
          break
        case 'c':
          countOnly = true
          break
        case 'l':
          listFiles = true
          break
        case 'q':
          quiet = true
          break
        case 's':
          suppressErrors = true
          break
        case 'H':
          forceFilename = true
          break
        case 'h':
          noFilename = true
          break
        case 'w':
          word = true
          break
        case 'x':
          fullLine = true
          break
        case 'o':
          onlyMatching = true
          break
        case 'r':
        case 'R':
          recursive = true
          break
        case 'm': {
          let num = ''
          let jj = j + 1
          while (jj < rest.length && /[0-9]/.test(rest[jj])) num += rest[jj++]
          if (!num) {
            ctx.console.error('grep: option requires an argument -- m')
            ctx.exitCode = 2
            return
          }
          const n = Number.parseInt(num, 10)
          maxMatchLines = n === 0 ? Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY : n
          j = jj - 1
          break
        }
        default:
          ctx.console.error('grep: invalid option -- ' + c)
          ctx.exitCode = 2
          return
      }
    }
    i++
  }

  for (const pf of patternFiles) {
    try {
      const buf = await vfs.readFile(pf)
      if (!buf) {
        if (!suppressErrors) ctx.console.error('grep: ' + pf + ': No such file')
        ctx.exitCode = 2
        return
      }
      const t = ctx.b4a.toString(buf)
      for (const line of t.split(/\r?\n/)) {
        const s = line.trimEnd()
        if (s === '' || s.startsWith('#')) continue
        patterns.push(s)
      }
    } catch (e) {
      if (!suppressErrors)
        ctx.console.error('grep: ' + pf + ': ' + (e.message || e))
      ctx.exitCode = 2
      return
    }
  }

  const rest = args.slice(i)
  if (patterns.length === 0) {
    if (rest.length === 0) {
      usage()
      return
    }
    patterns.push(rest.shift())
  }

  let fatal = false
  /** @type {string[]} */
  let fileArgs = rest
  if (recursive) {
    if (fileArgs.length === 0) fileArgs = ['.']
    const acc = []
    for (const p of fileArgs) {
      try {
        const st = await vfs.lstat(p)
        if (!st) {
          if (!suppressErrors) ctx.console.error('grep: ' + p + ': No such file')
          fatal = true
          continue
        }
        if (st.type === 'directory') {
          await grepWalkFiles(ctx, p, acc, suppressErrors, {
            includeGlobs,
            excludeGlobs,
            excludeDirGlobs,
            filterCap: Number.parseInt(
              String(ctx.vfs?.env?.BARE_OS_GREP_FILTER_MAX || '32'),
              10
            ) || 32
          })
        } else {
          acc.push(p)
        }
      } catch (e) {
        if (!suppressErrors)
          ctx.console.error('grep: ' + p + ': ' + (e.message || e))
        fatal = true
      }
    }
    fileArgs = acc
  }

  const useStdin = fileArgs.length === 0 && !recursive
  const inputs = useStdin
    ? [{ label: null, path: null }]
    : fileArgs.map((p) => ({ label: p, path: p }))

  let matchers
  try {
    matchers = buildMatchers(patterns, { fixed, icase, word, fullLine })
  } catch (e) {
    ctx.console.error('grep: ' + (e.message || e))
    ctx.exitCode = 2
    return
  }

  const multiFile = inputs.length > 1
  const showName =
    !noFilename && (multiFile || forceFilename || (useStdin && forceFilename))

  const shellEnv = (ctx.vfs && ctx.vfs.env) || ctx.env || {}
  const useColor =
    colorMode === 'always' ||
    (colorMode === 'auto' &&
      globalThis.process?.stdout?.isTTY === true &&
      shellEnv.NO_COLOR !== '1' &&
      shellEnv.NO_COLOR !== 'true')
  const C_RED = '\x1b[01;31m'
  const C_RST = '\x1b[0m'

  const useContext =
    (afterCtx > 0 || beforeCtx > 0) &&
    !countOnly &&
    !listFiles &&
    !quiet &&
    !onlyMatching

  let anyMatch = false
  let matchingLinesTotal = 0

  for (const { label, path } of inputs) {
    let text
    if (path == null) {
      text = bareStdin(ctx)
    } else {
      try {
        const buf = await vfs.readFile(path)
        if (!buf) {
          if (!suppressErrors)
            ctx.console.error('grep: ' + path + ': No such file')
          fatal = true
          continue
        }
        text = ctx.b4a.toString(buf)
      } catch (e) {
        if (!suppressErrors)
          ctx.console.error('grep: ' + path + ': ' + (e.message || e))
        fatal = true
        continue
      }
    }

    const lines = splitLines(text)
    let count = 0
    let fileMatched = false
    const out = []

    if (useContext) {
      const n = lines.length
      /** @type {boolean[]} */
      const isMatch = new Array(n).fill(false)
      for (let li = 0; li < n; li++) {
        if (matchingLinesTotal >= maxMatchLines) break
        const line = stripCr(lines[li])
        const matched = matchers.some((fn) => fn(line))
        const hit = invert ? !matched : matched
        isMatch[li] = hit
        if (!hit) continue
        matchingLinesTotal++
        fileMatched = true
        anyMatch = true
        count++
      }
      if (quiet) continue
      /** @type {number[][]} */
      const iv = []
      for (let li = 0; li < n; li++) {
        if (!isMatch[li]) continue
        iv.push([
          Math.max(0, li - beforeCtx),
          Math.min(n - 1, li + afterCtx)
        ])
      }
      const merged = grepMergeIntervals(iv)
      for (let mi = 0; mi < merged.length; mi++) {
        if (mi > 0) ctx.console.log('--')
        for (let li = merged[mi][0]; li <= merged[mi][1]; li++) {
          const line = stripCr(lines[li])
          const lineNum = li + 1
          let body = line
          if (useColor && isMatch[li] && !invert) body = C_RED + line + C_RST
          let chunk = numbers ? lineNum + ':' + body : body
          if (showName && label != null) chunk = label + ':' + chunk
          else if (showName && label == null && useStdin)
            chunk = '(standard input):' + chunk
          ctx.console.log(chunk)
        }
      }
      continue
    }

    for (let li = 0; li < lines.length; li++) {
      if (matchingLinesTotal >= maxMatchLines) break
      const line = stripCr(lines[li])
      const lineNum = li + 1
      const matched = matchers.some((fn) => fn(line))
      const hit = invert ? !matched : matched
      if (!hit) continue

      matchingLinesTotal++
      fileMatched = true
      anyMatch = true
      count++
      if (quiet) continue

      if (!countOnly && !listFiles) {
        if (onlyMatching && !invert) {
          const parts = extractOnlyMatching(line, patterns, {
            fixed,
            icase,
            word
          })
          for (const part of parts) {
            let chunk = part
            if (useColor) chunk = C_RED + chunk + C_RST
            if (numbers) chunk = lineNum + ':' + chunk
            if (showName && label != null) chunk = label + ':' + chunk
            else if (showName && label == null && useStdin)
              chunk = '(standard input):' + chunk
            out.push(chunk)
          }
        } else {
          let body = line
          if (useColor && !invert) body = C_RED + line + C_RST
          let chunk = numbers ? lineNum + ':' + body : body
          if (showName && label != null) chunk = label + ':' + chunk
          else if (showName && label == null && useStdin)
            chunk = '(standard input):' + chunk
          out.push(chunk)
        }
      }
    }

    if (quiet) continue

    if (listFiles && countOnly) {
      if (fileMatched) {
        const prefix = namePrefixForCount(showName, label, useStdin, multiFile)
        ctx.console.log(prefix + count)
      }
    } else if (listFiles) {
      if (fileMatched) {
        if (label != null) ctx.console.log(label)
        else if (useStdin) ctx.console.log('(standard input)')
      }
    } else if (countOnly) {
      const prefix = namePrefixForCount(showName, label, useStdin, multiFile)
      ctx.console.log(prefix + count)
    } else {
      for (const o of out) ctx.console.log(o)
    }
  }

  if (fatal) ctx.exitCode = 2
  else ctx.exitCode = anyMatch ? 0 : 1
}

const GREP_RECURSE_MAX_DEPTH = 64

/**
 * @param {Record<string, unknown>} ctx
 * @param {string} dir
 * @param {string[]} acc
 * @param {boolean} suppressErrors
 */
/**
 * @param {string} name
 * @param {string} pat
 */
function grepSimpleGlobMatch(name, pat) {
  if (!pat || pat === '*') return true
  if (pat.includes('/')) return name === pat
  if (pat.startsWith('*') && pat.length > 1 && pat.endsWith('*')) {
    const mid = pat.slice(1, -1)
    return mid !== '' && name.includes(mid)
  }
  if (pat.startsWith('*')) return name.endsWith(pat.slice(1))
  if (pat.endsWith('*')) return name.startsWith(pat.slice(0, -1))
  return name === pat
}

/**
 * @param {{ includeGlobs?: string[], excludeGlobs?: string[], excludeDirGlobs?: string[], filterCap?: number }} [opts]
 */
async function grepWalkFiles(ctx, dir, acc, suppressErrors, opts = {}) {
  const vfs = ctx.vfs
  const cap = opts.filterCap && opts.filterCap > 0 ? opts.filterCap : 32
  const inc = (opts.includeGlobs || []).slice(0, cap)
  const exc = (opts.excludeGlobs || []).slice(0, cap)
  const excd = (opts.excludeDirGlobs || []).slice(0, cap)
  /** @param {string} d @param {number} depth */
  const walk = async (d, depth) => {
    if (depth > GREP_RECURSE_MAX_DEPTH) return
    let names = []
    try {
      names = await vfs.readdir(d)
    } catch (e) {
      if (!suppressErrors)
        ctx.console.error('grep: ' + d + ': ' + (e.message || e))
      return
    }
    for (const n of names) {
      if (n === '.' || n === '..' || n === '.git') continue
      const sub = d.endsWith('/') ? d + n : d + '/' + n
      let st
      try {
        st = await vfs.lstat(sub)
      } catch {
        continue
      }
      if (!st) continue
      if (st.type === 'directory') {
        if (excd.some((p) => grepSimpleGlobMatch(n, p))) continue
        await walk(sub, depth + 1)
      } else if (st.type === 'file') {
        if (inc.length && !inc.some((p) => grepSimpleGlobMatch(n, p))) continue
        if (exc.some((p) => grepSimpleGlobMatch(n, p))) continue
        acc.push(sub)
      } else if (st.type === 'symlink') {
        try {
          const ft = await vfs.stat(sub)
          if (ft && ft.type === 'file') {
            if (inc.length && !inc.some((p) => grepSimpleGlobMatch(n, p))) continue
            if (exc.some((p) => grepSimpleGlobMatch(n, p))) continue
            acc.push(sub)
          }
        } catch {
          /* skip */
        }
      }
    }
  }
  await walk(dir, 0)
}

/** @param {number[][]} iv */
function grepMergeIntervals(iv) {
  if (!iv.length) return []
  const copy = iv.map((x) => [x[0], x[1]])
  copy.sort((a, b) => a[0] - b[0])
  /** @type {number[][]} */
  const out = [[copy[0][0], copy[0][1]]]
  for (let k = 1; k < copy.length; k++) {
    const cur = copy[k]
    const last = out[out.length - 1]
    if (cur[0] <= last[1] + 1) last[1] = Math.max(last[1], cur[1])
    else out.push([cur[0], cur[1]])
  }
  return out
}

/**
 * @param {string[]} patterns
 * @param {{ fixed: boolean, icase: boolean, word?: boolean, fullLine?: boolean }} o
 */
function buildMatchers(patterns, o) {
  if (patterns.length === 0) throw new Error('no pattern')
  if (o.fixed) {
    const pats = o.icase
      ? patterns.map((p) => p.toLowerCase())
      : patterns.slice()
    return pats.map((p, idx) => {
      const orig = patterns[idx]
      if (o.fullLine) {
        return (line) => {
          const cmpL = o.icase ? line.toLowerCase() : line
          const cmpP = o.icase ? p : orig
          return cmpL === cmpP
        }
      }
      if (o.word) {
        const esc = p.replace(/[\\^$*+?.()|[\]{}]/g, '\\$&')
        const flags = o.icase ? 'i' : ''
        const re = new RegExp(
          '(?:^|[^0-9A-Za-z_])' + esc + '(?:$|[^0-9A-Za-z_])',
          flags
        )
        return (line) => re.test(line)
      }
      return (line) =>
        o.icase ? line.toLowerCase().includes(p) : line.includes(orig)
    })
  }
  const flags = o.icase ? 'i' : ''
  return patterns.map((p) => {
    try {
      const body = o.word ? '\\b(?:' + p + ')\\b' : p
      const wrapped = o.fullLine ? '^(?:' + body + ')$' : body
      const re = new RegExp(wrapped, flags)
      return (line) => re.test(line)
    } catch (e) {
      throw new Error('invalid regex: ' + (e.message || e))
    }
  })
}

/**
 * @param {string} line
 * @param {string[]} patterns
 * @param {{ fixed: boolean, icase: boolean, word: boolean }} o
 */
function extractOnlyMatching(line, patterns, o) {
  /** @type {{ start: number, end: number, text: string }[]} */
  const raw = []
  if (o.fixed) {
    for (const pat of patterns) {
      const needle = o.icase ? pat.toLowerCase() : pat
      const hay = o.icase ? line.toLowerCase() : line
      let pos = 0
      while (pos <= hay.length) {
        const idx = hay.indexOf(needle, pos)
        if (idx === -1) break
        const end = idx + needle.length
        if (o.word) {
          const before = idx > 0 ? hay[idx - 1] : ' '
          const after = end < hay.length ? hay[end] : ' '
          if (/[0-9A-Za-z_]/.test(before) || /[0-9A-Za-z_]/.test(after)) {
            pos = idx + 1
            continue
          }
        }
        raw.push({ start: idx, end, text: line.slice(idx, end) })
        pos = idx + 1
      }
    }
  } else {
    const flags = o.icase ? 'i' : ''
    for (const p of patterns) {
      const body = o.word ? '\\b(?:' + p + ')\\b' : p
      let re
      try {
        re = new RegExp(body, flags + 'g')
      } catch (e) {
        throw new Error('invalid regex: ' + (e.message || e))
      }
      let m
      while ((m = re.exec(line)) !== null) {
        raw.push({
          start: m.index,
          end: m.index + m[0].length,
          text: m[0]
        })
        if (m[0] === '') {
          re.lastIndex++
          if (re.lastIndex > line.length) break
        }
      }
    }
  }
  raw.sort((a, b) => a.start - b.start || b.end - a.end)
  /** @type {string[]} */
  const out = []
  let lastEnd = -1
  for (const c of raw) {
    if (c.start >= lastEnd) {
      out.push(c.text)
      lastEnd = c.end
    }
  }
  return out
}

/** @param {string} text */
function splitLines(text) {
  if (text === '') return ['']
  return text.split(/\n/)
}

/** @param {string} line */
function stripCr(line) {
  return line.endsWith('\r') ? line.slice(0, -1) : line
}

/**
 * @param {boolean} showName
 * @param {string | null} label
 * @param {boolean} useStdin
 * @param {boolean} multiFile
 */
function namePrefixForCount(showName, label, useStdin, multiFile) {
  const need = multiFile || (showName && (label != null || useStdin))
  if (!need) return ''
  if (label != null) return label + ':'
  return '(standard input):'
}