eat: implement Holesail-Browser enhancement plan

- Add unit tests (hostname-validator, TLDs, payload-schemas) and integration tests for message handler registry
- Refactor native host message router into handler registry (handlers/state, tunnels, ssh, rdp, backup, ca, connections)
- Add ESLint config and npm test + lint steps in CI
- Dashboard: visibility-based refresh pause, configurable refresh interval (2s/5s/10s/paused)
- Accessibility: ARIA on nav and modals, focus trap and restore, prefers-reduced-motion
- Empty states: primary action buttons for virtual hosts, servers, service tunnels
- Native host rate limiting for backup and CA operations; update SECURITY.md
- CONTRIBUTING: "Adding a new dashboard page", dev workflow; add npm run dev script

native-host/holesail-manager/settings.js

@@ -44,6 +44,9 @@ function updateSettings(patch) {
   if (typeof patch.tunnelAutoReconnect === 'boolean') currentSettings.tunnelAutoReconnect = patch.tunnelAutoReconnect;
   if (typeof patch.latencyPingEnabled === 'boolean') currentSettings.latencyPingEnabled = patch.latencyPingEnabled;
   if (typeof patch.latencyPingIntervalMs === 'number' && patch.latencyPingIntervalMs > 0) currentSettings.latencyPingIntervalMs = patch.latencyPingIntervalMs;
+  if (typeof patch.dashboardRefreshIntervalMs === 'number' && patch.dashboardRefreshIntervalMs >= 0 && [0, 2000, 5000, 10000].includes(patch.dashboardRefreshIntervalMs)) {
+    currentSettings.dashboardRefreshIntervalMs = patch.dashboardRefreshIntervalMs;
+  }
   if (_saveState) _saveState();
   return { requiresRestart };
 }

native-host/holesail-manager/state.js

@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@ const SETTINGS_DEFAULTS = {
   backupIntervalHours: 0,
   tunnelAutoReconnect: true,
   latencyPingEnabled: false,
-  latencyPingIntervalMs: 5000
+  latencyPingIntervalMs: 5000,
+  dashboardRefreshIntervalMs: 2000
 };
 
 const DEBUG = process.env.HOLESAIL_DEBUG === '1' || process.env.HOLESAIL_DEBUG === 'true';

native-host/host/handlers/backup.js

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/**
+ * Handlers for backup create, list, restore, delete.
+ * Context: backupManager, holesailManager, setTunnelsRestoredPromise, restorePersistedTunnels, log
+ */
+
+const rateLimit = require('../rate-limit.js');
+
+function register(deps) {
+  const { backupManager, holesailManager, setTunnelsRestoredPromise, restorePersistedTunnels, log } = deps;
+  return [
+    {
+      type: 'createBackup',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => {
+        const rl = rateLimit.check('createBackup');
+        if (!rl.allowed) { reply({ ok: false, error: rl.error }); return; }
+        const backupResult = await backupManager.createBackup();
+        if (backupResult.ok) {
+          const retention = (holesailManager.getSettings().backupRetention) || backupManager.DEFAULT_RETENTION;
+          backupManager.pruneOldBackups(retention);
+        }
+        reply(backupResult);
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'listBackups',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => reply(backupManager.listBackups())
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'restoreBackup',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => {
+        const rl = rateLimit.check('restoreBackup');
+        if (!rl.allowed) { reply({ ok: false, error: rl.error }); return; }
+        const restoreResult = await backupManager.restoreBackup(payload.filename);
+        if (restoreResult.ok) {
+          await holesailManager.cleanup().catch(() => {});
+          const restored = holesailManager.restorePersistedState();
+          setTunnelsRestoredPromise(
+            restorePersistedTunnels(holesailManager, restored).catch((e) => log('Post-restore tunnel start failed:', e.message))
+          );
+        }
+        reply(restoreResult);
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'deleteBackup',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => {
+        const rl = rateLimit.check('deleteBackup');
+        if (!rl.allowed) { reply({ ok: false, error: rl.error }); return; }
+        reply(backupManager.deleteBackup(payload.filename));
+      }
+    }
+  ];
+}
+
+module.exports = { register };

native-host/host/handlers/ca.js

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/**
+ * Handlers for certificate authority (installRootCA).
+ * Context: certificateAuthority
+ */
+
+const rateLimit = require('../rate-limit.js');
+
+function register(deps) {
+  const { certificateAuthority } = deps;
+  return [
+    {
+      type: 'installRootCA',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => {
+        const rl = rateLimit.check('installRootCA');
+        if (!rl.allowed) { reply({ ok: false, error: rl.error }); return; }
+        certificateAuthority.installRootCA((err) => {
+          if (err) reply({ ok: false, error: err.message });
+          else reply({ ok: true });
+        });
+      }
+    }
+  ];
+}
+
+module.exports = { register };

native-host/host/handlers/connections.js

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/**
+ * Handlers for SSH and RDP connection list get/set.
+ * Context: holesailManager, debugLog
+ */
+
+function register(deps) {
+  const { holesailManager, debugLog } = deps;
+  return [
+    { type: 'getSshConnections', handle: async (payload, reply) => reply({ ok: true, sshConnections: holesailManager.getSshConnections() }) },
+    {
+      type: 'setSshConnections',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => {
+        const list = Array.isArray(payload.connections) ? payload.connections : [];
+        holesailManager.setSshConnections(list);
+        debugLog('setSshConnections: count=', list.length);
+        reply({ ok: true });
+      }
+    },
+    { type: 'getRdpConnections', handle: async (payload, reply) => reply({ ok: true, rdpConnections: holesailManager.getRdpConnections() }) },
+    {
+      type: 'setRdpConnections',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => {
+        const list = Array.isArray(payload.connections) ? payload.connections : [];
+        holesailManager.setRdpConnections(list);
+        debugLog('setRdpConnections: count=', list.length);
+        reply({ ok: true });
+      }
+    }
+  ];
+}
+
+module.exports = { register };

native-host/host/handlers/index.js

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/**
+ * Aggregates all message handlers into a single type -> handle map.
+ * Each handler module exports register(deps) and returns an array of { type, handle }.
+ * deps must include all manager refs plus debugLog and log (for handlers that log).
+ */
+
+const stateHandlers = require('./state.js');
+const connectionsHandlers = require('./connections.js');
+const tunnelsHandlers = require('./tunnels.js');
+const caHandlers = require('./ca.js');
+const sshHandlers = require('./ssh.js');
+const rdpHandlers = require('./rdp.js');
+const backupHandlers = require('./backup.js');
+
+/**
+ * Build the handler registry. Pass the same deps that message-router has.
+ * @returns {Map<string, Function>} type -> async (payload, reply) => void
+ */
+function buildHandlers(deps) {
+  const entries = [
+    ...stateHandlers.register(deps),
+    ...connectionsHandlers.register(deps),
+    ...tunnelsHandlers.register(deps),
+    ...caHandlers.register(deps),
+    ...sshHandlers.register(deps),
+    ...rdpHandlers.register(deps),
+    ...backupHandlers.register(deps)
+  ];
+
+  const map = new Map();
+  for (const { type, handle } of entries) {
+    if (map.has(type)) throw new Error(`Duplicate handler for type: ${type}`);
+    map.set(type, handle);
+  }
+  return map;
+}
+
+module.exports = { buildHandlers };

native-host/host/handlers/rdp.js

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/**
+ * Handlers for RDP/VNC sessions.
+ * Context: rdpManager, debugLog
+ */
+
+function register(deps) {
+  const { rdpManager, debugLog } = deps;
+  return [
+    {
+      type: 'startRdpSession',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => {
+        debugLog('startRdpSession: type=', payload.type, 'label=', payload.label);
+        const result = await rdpManager.startSession(payload);
+        debugLog('startRdpSession: result=', JSON.stringify({ ok: result.ok, sessionId: result.sessionId, wsPort: result.wsPort }));
+        reply(result);
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'stopRdpSession',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => {
+        debugLog('stopRdpSession: sessionId=', payload.sessionId);
+        const result = await rdpManager.stopSession(payload);
+        reply(result);
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'getRdpSessions',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => reply({ ok: true, sessions: rdpManager.getSessions() })
+    }
+  ];
+}
+
+module.exports = { register };

native-host/host/handlers/ssh.js

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/**
+ * Handlers for SSH sessions.
+ * Context: sshManager, debugLog
+ */
+
+function register(deps) {
+  const { sshManager, debugLog } = deps;
+  return [
+    {
+      type: 'startSshSession',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => {
+        debugLog('startSshSession: payload=', JSON.stringify({ ...payload, hsUrl: payload.hsUrl ? payload.hsUrl.slice(0, 20) + '...' : null }));
+        const result = await sshManager.startSession(payload);
+        debugLog('startSshSession: result=', JSON.stringify({ ok: result.ok, sessionId: result.sessionId, wsPort: result.wsPort }));
+        reply(result);
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'stopSshSession',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => {
+        debugLog('stopSshSession: payload=', JSON.stringify(payload));
+        const result = await sshManager.stopSession(payload);
+        debugLog('stopSshSession: result=', JSON.stringify(result));
+        reply(result);
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'resizeSshSession',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => {
+        sshManager.resizeSession(payload);
+        reply({ ok: true });
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'getSshSessions',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => reply({ ok: true, sessions: sshManager.getSessions() })
+    }
+  ];
+}
+
+module.exports = { register };

native-host/host/handlers/state.js

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/**
+ * Handlers for getState, getSettings, updateSettings.
+ * Context: holesailManager, certificateAuthority, httpsProxy, connectProxy, getProxiesReadyPromise, getTunnelsRestoredPromise, scheduleNextAutoBackup, debugLog
+ */
+
+function register(deps) {
+  const { holesailManager, certificateAuthority, httpsProxy, connectProxy, getProxiesReadyPromise, getTunnelsRestoredPromise, scheduleNextAutoBackup, debugLog } = deps;
+  return [
+    {
+      type: 'getState',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => {
+        const proxiesReadyPromise = getProxiesReadyPromise();
+        const tunnelsRestoredPromise = getTunnelsRestoredPromise();
+        if (proxiesReadyPromise) await proxiesReadyPromise;
+        if (tunnelsRestoredPromise) {
+          let _fallbackTimer;
+          await Promise.race([
+            tunnelsRestoredPromise.finally(() => clearTimeout(_fallbackTimer)),
+            new Promise((r) => { _fallbackTimer = setTimeout(r, 15000); })
+          ]);
+        }
+        const servers = holesailManager.getServers();
+        const virtualHosts = holesailManager.getVirtualHosts();
+        const serviceTunnels = holesailManager.getServiceTunnels();
+        const proxyPort = holesailManager.getProxyPort();
+        const connectProxyPort = connectProxy.getPort();
+        const settings = holesailManager.getSettings();
+        const sshConnections = holesailManager.getSshConnections();
+        const rdpConnections = holesailManager.getRdpConnections();
+        debugLog('getState: servers=', servers.length, 'virtualHosts=', virtualHosts.length, 'serviceTunnels=', serviceTunnels.length, 'proxyPort=', proxyPort, 'connectProxyPort=', connectProxyPort);
+        const caInstalled = await new Promise((resolve) => {
+          certificateAuthority.isRootCAInstalled((installed) => resolve(!!installed));
+        });
+        reply({
+          ok: true,
+          servers,
+          virtualHosts,
+          serviceTunnels,
+          proxyPort,
+          connectProxyPort: connectProxyPort ?? null,
+          caInstalled,
+          settings,
+          sshConnections,
+          rdpConnections,
+          trafficStats: httpsProxy.getTrafficStats()
+        });
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'getSettings',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => {
+        reply({ ok: true, settings: holesailManager.getSettings() });
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'updateSettings',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => {
+        const { requiresRestart } = holesailManager.updateSettings(payload);
+        debugLog('updateSettings: applied', JSON.stringify(payload), 'requiresRestart=', requiresRestart);
+        scheduleNextAutoBackup();
+        reply({ ok: true, settings: holesailManager.getSettings(), requiresRestart });
+      }
+    }
+  ];
+}
+
+module.exports = { register };

native-host/host/handlers/tunnels.js

@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+/**
+ * Handlers for servers, service tunnels, virtual hosts, proxy port, lookup, pingTunnel.
+ * Context: holesailManager, debugLog
+ */
+
+function register(deps) {
+  const { holesailManager, debugLog } = deps;
+  return [
+    {
+      type: 'startServer',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => {
+        debugLog('startServer: payload=', JSON.stringify(payload));
+        const result = await holesailManager.startServer(payload);
+        debugLog('startServer: result=', JSON.stringify(result));
+        reply(result);
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'stopServer',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => {
+        debugLog('stopServer: payload=', JSON.stringify(payload));
+        const result = await holesailManager.stopServer(payload);
+        debugLog('stopServer: result=', JSON.stringify(result));
+        reply(result);
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'startServiceTunnel',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => {
+        debugLog('startServiceTunnel: payload=', JSON.stringify(payload));
+        const result = await holesailManager.startServiceTunnel(payload);
+        debugLog('startServiceTunnel: result=', JSON.stringify(result));
+        reply(result);
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'updateServiceTunnel',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => {
+        debugLog('updateServiceTunnel: payload=', JSON.stringify(payload));
+        await holesailManager.stopServiceTunnel({ tunnelId: payload.tunnelId }).catch(() => {});
+        const result = await holesailManager.startServiceTunnel(payload);
+        debugLog('updateServiceTunnel: result=', JSON.stringify(result));
+        reply(result);
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'stopServiceTunnel',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => {
+        debugLog('stopServiceTunnel: payload=', JSON.stringify(payload));
+        const result = await holesailManager.stopServiceTunnel(payload);
+        debugLog('stopServiceTunnel: result=', JSON.stringify(result));
+        reply(result);
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'getServiceTunnels',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => reply({ ok: true, tunnels: holesailManager.getServiceTunnels() })
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'getVirtualHosts',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => {
+        const hosts = holesailManager.getVirtualHosts();
+        debugLog('getVirtualHosts: count=', hosts.length);
+        reply({ ok: true, hosts });
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'setVirtualHost',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => {
+        debugLog('setVirtualHost: payload=', JSON.stringify(payload));
+        const result = await holesailManager.setVirtualHost(payload);
+        debugLog('setVirtualHost: result=', JSON.stringify(result));
+        reply(result);
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'removeVirtualHost',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => {
+        debugLog('removeVirtualHost: payload=', JSON.stringify(payload));
+        const result = await holesailManager.removeVirtualHost(payload);
+        debugLog('removeVirtualHost: result=', JSON.stringify(result));
+        reply(result);
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'getProxyPort',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => {
+        const port = holesailManager.getProxyPort();
+        debugLog('getProxyPort: port=', port);
+        reply({ ok: true, port });
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'lookup',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => {
+        debugLog('lookup: payload=', JSON.stringify(payload));
+        const result = await holesailManager.lookup(payload);
+        debugLog('lookup: result=', JSON.stringify(result));
+        reply(result);
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'pingTunnel',
+      handle: async (payload, reply) => {
+        const pingHost = payload.host || '127.0.0.1';
+        const pingPort = typeof payload.port === 'number' ? payload.port : null;
+        if (!pingPort) { reply({ ok: false, error: 'port required' }); return; }
+        const tcp = require('bare-tcp');
+        const t0 = Date.now();
+        const sock = tcp.connect(pingPort, pingHost);
+        const pingTimeout = setTimeout(() => {
+          try { sock.destroy(); } catch (_) {}
+          reply({ ok: false, error: 'timeout' });
+        }, 3000);
+        sock.on('connect', () => {
+          clearTimeout(pingTimeout);
+          const latencyMs = Date.now() - t0;
+          try { sock.destroy(); } catch (_) {}
+          reply({ ok: true, latencyMs });
+        });
+        sock.on('error', (err) => {
+          clearTimeout(pingTimeout);
+          try { sock.destroy(); } catch (_) {}
+          reply({ ok: false, error: err.message });
+        });
+      }
+    }
+  ];
+}
+
+module.exports = { register };

native-host/host/message-router.js

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 /**
  * Central message dispatcher for the native host.
  * Receives all messages from the browser extension and routes them to the
- * appropriate manager. Also wires up all managers and starts the proxy/tunnel
- * restore sequence on first require.
+ * appropriate handler via a registry. Wires all managers and starts the
+ * proxy/tunnel restore sequence on first require.
  */
 
 const { STORAGE_PATH } = require('./paths.js');
 const { log, debugLog } = require('./logger.js');
 const { initStartup, getProxiesReadyPromise, getTunnelsRestoredPromise, setTunnelsRestoredPromise, restorePersistedTunnels } = require('./startup.js');
-
+const { buildHandlers } = require('./handlers/index.js');
 
 const holesailManager = require('../holesail-manager/index.js');
 holesailManager.setStoragePath(STORAGE_PATH);
@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@ function scheduleNextAutoBackup() {
   }, ms);
 }
 
-// Start the auto-backup schedule once proxies are ready.
 const _proxiesReady = getProxiesReadyPromise();
 if (_proxiesReady) {
   _proxiesReady.then(() => scheduleNextAutoBackup()).catch(() => {});
@@ -58,8 +57,6 @@ if (_proxiesReady) {
   scheduleNextAutoBackup();
 }
 
-// Module-level send reference — updated once on first message so the event emitter
-// always routes to the current active port without being re-set on every message.
 let _send = null;
 holesailManager.setEventEmitter((event, eventPayload) => {
   if (!_send) return;
@@ -67,6 +64,23 @@ holesailManager.setEventEmitter((event, eventPayload) => {
   _send({ type: 'event', event, payload: eventPayload });
 });
 
+const _handlers = buildHandlers({
+  holesailManager,
+  certificateAuthority,
+  httpsProxy,
+  connectProxy,
+  sshManager,
+  backupManager,
+  rdpManager,
+  getProxiesReadyPromise,
+  getTunnelsRestoredPromise,
+  setTunnelsRestoredPromise,
+  restorePersistedTunnels,
+  scheduleNextAutoBackup,
+  log,
+  debugLog
+});
+
 /**
  * @param {Function} send - messenger.send(msg)
  * @param {object} msg - { id, type, payload }
@@ -82,258 +96,11 @@ async function handleMessageAsync(send, msg) {
   try {
     debugLog('handleMessage: id=', id, 'type=', type, 'payloadKeys=', payload && Object.keys(payload));
 
-    const proxiesReadyPromise = getProxiesReadyPromise();
-    const tunnelsRestoredPromise = getTunnelsRestoredPromise();
-
-    switch (type) {
-      case 'getState': {
-        if (proxiesReadyPromise) await proxiesReadyPromise;
-        if (tunnelsRestoredPromise) {
-          let _fallbackTimer;
-          await Promise.race([
-            tunnelsRestoredPromise.finally(() => clearTimeout(_fallbackTimer)),
-            new Promise((r) => { _fallbackTimer = setTimeout(r, 15000); })
-          ]);
-        }
-        const servers = holesailManager.getServers();
-        const virtualHosts = holesailManager.getVirtualHosts();
-        const serviceTunnels = holesailManager.getServiceTunnels();
-        const proxyPort = holesailManager.getProxyPort();
-        const connectProxyPort = connectProxy.getPort();
-        const settings = holesailManager.getSettings();
-        const sshConnections = holesailManager.getSshConnections();
-        const rdpConnections = holesailManager.getRdpConnections();
-        debugLog('getState: servers=', servers.length, 'virtualHosts=', virtualHosts.length, 'serviceTunnels=', serviceTunnels.length, 'proxyPort=', proxyPort, 'connectProxyPort=', connectProxyPort);
-        const caInstalled = await new Promise((resolve) => {
-          certificateAuthority.isRootCAInstalled((installed) => resolve(!!installed));
-        });
-        reply({
-          ok: true,
-          servers,
-          virtualHosts,
-          serviceTunnels,
-          proxyPort,
-          connectProxyPort: connectProxyPort ?? null,
-          caInstalled,
-          settings,
-          sshConnections,
-          rdpConnections,
-          trafficStats: httpsProxy.getTrafficStats()
-        });
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'getSettings': {
-        reply({ ok: true, settings: holesailManager.getSettings() });
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'updateSettings': {
-        const { requiresRestart } = holesailManager.updateSettings(payload);
-        debugLog('updateSettings: applied', JSON.stringify(payload), 'requiresRestart=', requiresRestart);
-        scheduleNextAutoBackup();
-        reply({ ok: true, settings: holesailManager.getSettings(), requiresRestart });
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'getSshConnections': {
-        reply({ ok: true, sshConnections: holesailManager.getSshConnections() });
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'setSshConnections': {
-        const list = Array.isArray(payload.connections) ? payload.connections : [];
-        holesailManager.setSshConnections(list);
-        debugLog('setSshConnections: count=', list.length);
-        reply({ ok: true });
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'getRdpConnections': {
-        reply({ ok: true, rdpConnections: holesailManager.getRdpConnections() });
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'setRdpConnections': {
-        const list = Array.isArray(payload.connections) ? payload.connections : [];
-        holesailManager.setRdpConnections(list);
-        debugLog('setRdpConnections: count=', list.length);
-        reply({ ok: true });
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'startServer': {
-        debugLog('startServer: payload=', JSON.stringify(payload));
-        const result = await holesailManager.startServer(payload);
-        debugLog('startServer: result=', JSON.stringify(result));
-        reply(result);
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'stopServer': {
-        debugLog('stopServer: payload=', JSON.stringify(payload));
-        const result = await holesailManager.stopServer(payload);
-        debugLog('stopServer: result=', JSON.stringify(result));
-        reply(result);
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'startServiceTunnel': {
-        debugLog('startServiceTunnel: payload=', JSON.stringify(payload));
-        const result = await holesailManager.startServiceTunnel(payload);
-        debugLog('startServiceTunnel: result=', JSON.stringify(result));
-        reply(result);
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'updateServiceTunnel': {
-        debugLog('updateServiceTunnel: payload=', JSON.stringify(payload));
-        await holesailManager.stopServiceTunnel({ tunnelId: payload.tunnelId }).catch(() => {});
-        const result = await holesailManager.startServiceTunnel(payload);
-        debugLog('updateServiceTunnel: result=', JSON.stringify(result));
-        reply(result);
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'stopServiceTunnel': {
-        debugLog('stopServiceTunnel: payload=', JSON.stringify(payload));
-        const result = await holesailManager.stopServiceTunnel(payload);
-        debugLog('stopServiceTunnel: result=', JSON.stringify(result));
-        reply(result);
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'getServiceTunnels': {
-        reply({ ok: true, tunnels: holesailManager.getServiceTunnels() });
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'getVirtualHosts': {
-        const hosts = holesailManager.getVirtualHosts();
-        debugLog('getVirtualHosts: count=', hosts.length);
-        reply({ ok: true, hosts });
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'setVirtualHost': {
-        debugLog('setVirtualHost: payload=', JSON.stringify(payload));
-        const result = await holesailManager.setVirtualHost(payload);
-        debugLog('setVirtualHost: result=', JSON.stringify(result));
-        reply(result);
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'removeVirtualHost': {
-        debugLog('removeVirtualHost: payload=', JSON.stringify(payload));
-        const result = await holesailManager.removeVirtualHost(payload);
-        debugLog('removeVirtualHost: result=', JSON.stringify(result));
-        reply(result);
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'getProxyPort': {
-        const port = holesailManager.getProxyPort();
-        debugLog('getProxyPort: port=', port);
-        reply({ ok: true, port });
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'lookup': {
-        debugLog('lookup: payload=', JSON.stringify(payload));
-        const result = await holesailManager.lookup(payload);
-        debugLog('lookup: result=', JSON.stringify(result));
-        reply(result);
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'installRootCA': {
-        certificateAuthority.installRootCA((err) => {
-          if (err) reply({ ok: false, error: err.message });
-          else reply({ ok: true });
-        });
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'startSshSession': {
-        debugLog('startSshSession: payload=', JSON.stringify({ ...payload, hsUrl: payload.hsUrl ? payload.hsUrl.slice(0, 20) + '...' : null }));
-        const result = await sshManager.startSession(payload);
-        debugLog('startSshSession: result=', JSON.stringify({ ok: result.ok, sessionId: result.sessionId, wsPort: result.wsPort }));
-        reply(result);
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'stopSshSession': {
-        debugLog('stopSshSession: payload=', JSON.stringify(payload));
-        const result = await sshManager.stopSession(payload);
-        debugLog('stopSshSession: result=', JSON.stringify(result));
-        reply(result);
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'resizeSshSession': {
-        sshManager.resizeSession(payload);
-        reply({ ok: true });
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'getSshSessions': {
-        reply({ ok: true, sessions: sshManager.getSessions() });
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'startRdpSession': {
-        debugLog('startRdpSession: type=', payload.type, 'label=', payload.label);
-        const result = await rdpManager.startSession(payload);
-        debugLog('startRdpSession: result=', JSON.stringify({ ok: result.ok, sessionId: result.sessionId, wsPort: result.wsPort }));
-        reply(result);
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'stopRdpSession': {
-        debugLog('stopRdpSession: sessionId=', payload.sessionId);
-        const result = await rdpManager.stopSession(payload);
-        reply(result);
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'getRdpSessions': {
-        reply({ ok: true, sessions: rdpManager.getSessions() });
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'createBackup': {
-        const backupResult = await backupManager.createBackup();
-        if (backupResult.ok) {
-          const retention = (holesailManager.getSettings().backupRetention) || backupManager.DEFAULT_RETENTION;
-          backupManager.pruneOldBackups(retention);
-        }
-        reply(backupResult);
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'listBackups': {
-        reply(backupManager.listBackups());
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'restoreBackup': {
-        const restoreResult = await backupManager.restoreBackup(payload.filename);
-        if (restoreResult.ok) {
-          await holesailManager.cleanup().catch(() => {});
-          const restored = holesailManager.restorePersistedState();
-          setTunnelsRestoredPromise(
-            restorePersistedTunnels(holesailManager, restored).catch((e) => log('Post-restore tunnel start failed:', e.message))
-          );
-        }
-        reply(restoreResult);
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'deleteBackup': {
-        reply(backupManager.deleteBackup(payload.filename));
-        break;
-      }
-
-      case 'pingTunnel': {
-        // Measure TCP connect latency to a local tunnel port.
-        // payload: { host, port }
-        const pingHost = payload.host || '127.0.0.1';
-        const pingPort = typeof payload.port === 'number' ? payload.port : null;
-        if (!pingPort) { reply({ ok: false, error: 'port required' }); break; }
-        const tcp = require('bare-tcp');
-        const t0 = Date.now();
-        const sock = tcp.connect(pingPort, pingHost);
-        const pingTimeout = setTimeout(() => {
-          try { sock.destroy(); } catch (_) {}
-          reply({ ok: false, error: 'timeout' });
-        }, 3000);
-        sock.on('connect', () => {
-          clearTimeout(pingTimeout);
-          const latencyMs = Date.now() - t0;
-          try { sock.destroy(); } catch (_) {}
-          reply({ ok: true, latencyMs });
-        });
-        sock.on('error', (err) => {
-          clearTimeout(pingTimeout);
-          try { sock.destroy(); } catch (_) {}
-          reply({ ok: false, error: err.message });
-        });
-        break;
-      }
-
-      default:
-        reply({ ok: false, error: `Unknown command: ${type}` });
+    const handle = _handlers.get(type);
+    if (handle) {
+      await handle(payload, reply);
+    } else {
+      reply({ ok: false, error: `Unknown command: ${type}` });
     }
   } catch (err) {
     reply({ ok: false, error: err.message });

native-host/host/payload-schemas.js

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/**
+ * Lightweight payload validation for native host message types.
+ * Used for testing and optional runtime checks. Returns { ok: true } or { ok: false, error: string }.
+ */
+
+function nonEmptyString(v, name) {
+  if (typeof v !== 'string' || v.trim() === '') return { ok: false, error: `${name} must be a non-empty string` };
+  return { ok: true };
+}
+
+function optionalString(v) {
+  if (v === undefined || v === null) return { ok: true };
+  if (typeof v !== 'string') return { ok: false, error: 'must be a string' };
+  return { ok: true };
+}
+
+function positiveInteger(v, name) {
+  if (typeof v !== 'number' || !Number.isInteger(v) || v < 1) return { ok: false, error: `${name} must be a positive integer` };
+  return { ok: true };
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param {object} payload
+ * @returns {{ ok: true } | { ok: false, error: string }}
+ */
+function validateSetVirtualHost(payload) {
+  if (!payload || typeof payload !== 'object') return { ok: false, error: 'payload must be an object' };
+  const hostname = nonEmptyString(payload.hostname, 'hostname');
+  if (!hostname.ok) return hostname;
+  const hsUrl = nonEmptyString(payload.hsUrl, 'hsUrl');
+  if (!hsUrl.ok) return hsUrl;
+  if (payload.hsUrl && !payload.hsUrl.startsWith('hs://')) return { ok: false, error: 'hsUrl must start with hs://' };
+  return { ok: true };
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param {object} payload
+ * @returns {{ ok: true } | { ok: false, error: string }}
+ */
+function validateRemoveVirtualHost(payload) {
+  if (!payload || typeof payload !== 'object') return { ok: false, error: 'payload must be an object' };
+  return nonEmptyString(payload.hostname, 'hostname');
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param {object} payload
+ * @returns {{ ok: true } | { ok: false, error: string }}
+ */
+function validateStartServer(payload) {
+  if (!payload || typeof payload !== 'object') return { ok: false, error: 'payload must be an object' };
+  const port = positiveInteger(payload.port, 'port');
+  if (!port.ok) return port;
+  if (payload.host !== undefined) {
+    const h = nonEmptyString(payload.host, 'host');
+    if (!h.ok) return h;
+  }
+  const label = optionalString(payload.label);
+  if (!label.ok) return { ok: false, error: 'label must be a string' };
+  return { ok: true };
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param {object} payload
+ * @returns {{ ok: true } | { ok: false, error: string }}
+ */
+function validateStopServer(payload) {
+  if (!payload || typeof payload !== 'object') return { ok: false, error: 'payload must be an object' };
+  return nonEmptyString(payload.serverId, 'serverId');
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+  validateSetVirtualHost,
+  validateRemoveVirtualHost,
+  validateStartServer,
+  validateStopServer
+};

native-host/host/rate-limit.js

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/**
+ * Simple rate limiting for expensive or sensitive native host operations.
+ * Used to avoid abuse from a compromised extension (e.g. backup spam, CA install loops).
+ */
+
+const WINDOW_MS = 60 * 1000; // 1 minute
+const MAX_PER_WINDOW = Object.freeze({
+  createBackup: 3,
+  restoreBackup: 2,
+  deleteBackup: 10,
+  installRootCA: 5
+});
+
+const _counts = new Map();
+const _windowStart = new Map();
+
+/**
+ * Check if an operation is allowed under rate limit. If allowed, increments the counter.
+ * @param {string} key - Operation key (e.g. 'createBackup', 'installRootCA')
+ * @returns {{ allowed: true } | { allowed: false, error: string }}
+ */
+function check(key) {
+  const max = MAX_PER_WINDOW[key];
+  if (typeof max !== 'number') return { allowed: true };
+
+  const now = Date.now();
+  let start = _windowStart.get(key);
+  if (start == null || now - start >= WINDOW_MS) {
+    start = now;
+    _windowStart.set(key, start);
+    _counts.set(key, 0);
+  }
+  let n = _counts.get(key) || 0;
+  if (n >= max) {
+    return { allowed: false, error: `Rate limit exceeded: max ${max} ${key} per minute. Try again later.` };
+  }
+  _counts.set(key, n + 1);
+  return { allowed: true };
+}
+
+module.exports = { check };